58 | 模板模式（上）：剖析模板模式在JDK、Servlet、JUnit等中的应用

public abstract class AbstractClass {
  public final void templateMethod() {
    //...
    method1();
    //...
    method2();
    //...
  }
  
  protected abstract void method1();
  protected abstract void method2();
}

public class ConcreteClass1 extends AbstractClass {
  @Override
  protected void method1() {
    //...
  }
  
  @Override
  protected void method2() {
    //...
  }
}

public class ConcreteClass2 extends AbstractClass {
  @Override
  protected void method1() {
    //...
  }
  
  @Override
  protected void method2() {
    //...
  }
}

AbstractClass demo = ConcreteClass1();
demo.templateMethod();

public abstract class InputStream implements Closeable {
  //...省略其他代码...
  
  public int read(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
    if (b == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException();
    } else if (off < 0 || len < 0 || len > b.length - off) {
      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
    } else if (len == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    int c = read();
    if (c == -1) {
      return -1;
    }
    b[off] = (byte)c;

    int i = 1;
    try {
      for (; i < len ; i++) {
        c = read();
        if (c == -1) {
          break;
        }
        b[off + i] = (byte)c;
      }
    } catch (IOException ee) {
    }
    return i;
  }
  
  public abstract int read() throws IOException;
}

public class ByteArrayInputStream extends InputStream {
  //...省略其他代码...
  
  @Override
  public synchronized int read() {
    return (pos < count) ? (buf[pos++] & 0xff) : -1;
  }
}

public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
    rangeCheckForAdd(index);
    boolean modified = false;
    for (E e : c) {
        add(index++, e);
        modified = true;
    }
    return modified;
}

public void add(int index, E element) {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    this.doPost(req, resp);
  }
  
  @Override
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    resp.getWriter().write("Hello World.");
  }
}

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.xzg.cd.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
    throws ServletException, IOException
{
    HttpServletRequest  request;
    HttpServletResponse response;
    if (!(req instanceof HttpServletRequest &&
            res instanceof HttpServletResponse)) {
        throw new ServletException("non-HTTP request or response");
    }
    request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
    response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
    service(request, response);
}

protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
    throws ServletException, IOException
{
    String method = req.getMethod();
    if (method.equals(METHOD_GET)) {
        long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
        if (lastModified == -1) {
            // servlet doesn't support if-modified-since, no reason
            // to go through further expensive logic
            doGet(req, resp);
        } else {
            long ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader(HEADER_IFMODSINCE);
            if (ifModifiedSince < lastModified) {
                // If the servlet mod time is later, call doGet()
                // Round down to the nearest second for a proper compare
                // A ifModifiedSince of -1 will always be less
                maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
                doGet(req, resp);
            } else {
                resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
            }
        }
    } else if (method.equals(METHOD_HEAD)) {
        long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
        maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
        doHead(req, resp);
    } else if (method.equals(METHOD_POST)) {
        doPost(req, resp);
    } else if (method.equals(METHOD_PUT)) {
        doPut(req, resp);
    } else if (method.equals(METHOD_DELETE)) {
        doDelete(req, resp);
    } else if (method.equals(METHOD_OPTIONS)) {
        doOptions(req,resp);
    } else if (method.equals(METHOD_TRACE)) {
        doTrace(req,resp);
    } else {
        String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
        Object[] errArgs = new Object[1];
        errArgs[0] = method;
        errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
        resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, errMsg);
    }
}

public abstract class TestCase extends Assert implements Test {
  public void runBare() throws Throwable {
    Throwable exception = null;
    setUp();
    try {
      runTest();
    } catch (Throwable running) {
      exception = running;
    } finally {
      try {
        tearDown();
      } catch (Throwable tearingDown) {
        if (exception == null) exception = tearingDown;
      }
    }
    if (exception != null) throw exception;
  }
  
  /**
  * Sets up the fixture, for example, open a network connection.
  * This method is called before a test is executed.
  */
  protected void setUp() throws Exception {
  }

  /**
  * Tears down the fixture, for example, close a network connection.
  * This method is called after a test is executed.
  */
  protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
  }
}

public abstract class AbstractClass {
  public final void templateMethod1() {
    //...
    method1();
    //...
    method2();
    //...
  }
  
  public final void templateMethod2() {
    //...
    method3();
    //...
    method4();
    //...
  }
  
  protected abstract void method1();
  protected abstract void method2();
  protected abstract void method3();
  protected abstract void method4();
}