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spring boot 整合 redis, 实现 redis 的基本存储以及订阅模式
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
springBoot的redisTemplate默认采用的JDK的序列化 JdkSerializationRedisSerializer， 可在源码RedisTemplate.class 中看到 defaultSerializer 的默认是正是 JdkSerializationRedisSerializer ,占用空间较大,且识别度不好.因此我们自定义. 这里采用的是 GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer
可以认为它是jackson的升级版本,在序列化的过程种会将Object的类型一起存储起来.
RedisTemplate 声明在 RedisAutoConfiguration.class 这个类中@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({RedisOperations.class})
@EnableConfigurationProperties({RedisProperties.class})
@Import({LettuceConnectionConfiguration.class, JedisConnectionConfiguration.class})
public class RedisAutoConfiguration {
public RedisAutoConfiguration() {
}
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(
name = {"redisTemplate"}
)
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) throws UnknownHostException {
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate();
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
return template;
}
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) throws UnknownHostException {
StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
return template;
}
}
只定义其中一个即可满足大多数情况的使用,可根据自己的情况自行定义虚拟化方案,重点在替换 setDefaultSerializer()方法的值
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnection) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnection);
redisTemplate.setDefaultSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
return redisTemplate;
}
}
未声明 StringRedisTemplate, 因为不需要更改 StringRedisTemplate 的序列化方案, 其次. StringRedisTemplate 是继承与 RedisTemplate, 只是他的 KEY 与 value 都是string
此时基本的存储基本都满足了, 使用时只需要要加上如下代码即可:
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
// 使用
public Long pushObject(String key, Object source) {
logger.debug("push object : {}", source);
// 根据自己的情况选择合适的 存储方式
// this.redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, source);
return this.redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(key, source);
}
这里定义了一个发布消息的通道
@Service
public class MessagePub {
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
public void convertAndSend(String channel, Object msg) {
this.redisTemplate.convertAndSend(channel, msg);
}
}
通过我们的 redisTemplate 的 convertAndSend() 方法将我们的消息发送到固定的通道这里定义了三个发布消息的通道
RedisAllReceiver.java : 用于接受所有的消息(匹配topic_* 通道的消息),在后面的配置文件可见到@Component
public class RedisAllReceiver implements MessageListener {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisAllReceiver.class);
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] bytes) {
byte[] body = message.getBody();
byte[] channel = message.getChannel();
Object itemValue = redisTemplate.getValueSerializer().deserialize(body);
String topic = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().deserialize(channel);
logger.info("topic_*: {}, value: {}", topic, itemValue);
}
}
RedisUserReceiver 用于接受通道一的消息@Component
public class RedisUserReceiver implements MessageListener {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisUserReceiver.class);
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] bytes) {
Object itemValue = redisTemplate.getValueSerializer().deserialize(message.getBody());
String topic = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().deserialize(message.getChannel());
logger.info("topic: {}, value: {}", topic, itemValue);
}
}
RedisUser2Receiver 用于接受通道二的消息@Component
public class RedisUser2Receiver implements MessageListener {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisUser2Receiver.class);
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] bytes) {
byte[] body = message.getBody();
byte[] channel = message.getChannel();
Object itemValue = redisTemplate.getValueSerializer().deserialize(body);
String topic = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().deserialize(channel);
logger.info("topic_user2: {}, value: {}", topic, itemValue);
}
}
下面是重点戏, 如何配置我们的监听`` 即上面定义的三个接收器的注入,回到我们的 RedisConfig.java` 文件,加上我们的监听即可
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public JedisConnectionFactory redisConnection() {
return new JedisConnectionFactory();
}
@Bean("redisTemplate")
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(JedisConnectionFactory redisConnection) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnection);
redisTemplate.setDefaultSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
return redisTemplate;
}
@Bean
public RedisMessageListenerContainer container(JedisConnectionFactory redisConnection,
RedisUserReceiver redisUserReceiver,
RedisUser2Receiver redisUser2Receiver,
RedisAllReceiver allReceiver) {
RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(redisConnection);
// 订阅了一个通道
container.addMessageListener(redisUserReceiver, new PatternTopic(RedisChannel.USER_CHANNEL));
container.addMessageListener(redisUser2Receiver, new PatternTopic(RedisChannel.USER2_CHANNEL));
// 匹配多个 channel
container.addMessageListener(allReceiver, new PatternTopic("topic_*"));
return container;
}
public static class RedisChannel {
public static final String USER_CHANNEL = "topic_user";
public static final String USER2_CHANNEL = "topic_user2";
}
}
MessageListener 是我们的监听器,可定义多个: RedisUserReceiver redisUserReceiver, RedisUser2Receiver redisUser2Receiver, RedisAllReceiver allReceiver: 这里我定义了三个RedisMessageListenerContainer 存放我们所有的 监听器 MessageListener
MessageListener 前两个分别指向固定的 channel : topic_user 和 topic_user2 , 而最后一个采用了 匹配符 *, 表示可匹配 topic_ 开头的所有通道@RestController
public class RedisController {
private final RedisService redisService;
private final MessagePub messagePub;
public RedisController(RedisService redisService, MessagePub messagePub) {
this.redisService = redisService;
this.messagePub = messagePub;
}
@GetMapping("/redis/string/push")
public Long addRedis(@RequestParam(name = "value")String value) {
return this.redisService.pushObject("redis-string", value);
}
@GetMapping("/redis/string/pop")
public String getRedis() {
return (String) this.redisService.popObject("redis-string");
}
@GetMapping("/redis/object/push")
public Long addObjectRedis(@RequestParam(name = "id")int id,
@RequestParam(name = "no")String no,
@RequestParam(name = "name")String name) {
User user = new User();
user.setId(id);
user.setNo(no);
user.setName(name);
String key = RedisKeyUtil.getKey("user", "id", String.valueOf(user.getId()));
return this.redisService.pushObject(key, user);
}
@GetMapping("/redis/object/pop")
public User getObjectRedis(@RequestParam(name = "id")int id) {
String key = RedisKeyUtil.getKey("user", "id", String.valueOf(id));
return (User) this.redisService.popObject(key);
}
/**
* 以下代码测试 订阅模式
*/
@GetMapping("/redis/message/pub")
public void pubMessage(@RequestParam(name = "id")int id,
@RequestParam(name = "no")String no,
@RequestParam(name = "name")String name) {
User user = this.setUser(id, no, name);
this.messagePub.convertAndSend(RedisConfig.RedisChannel.USER_CHANNEL, user);
}
@GetMapping("/redis/message1/pub")
public void pubMessage1(@RequestParam(name = "id")int id,
@RequestParam(name = "no")String no,
@RequestParam(name = "name")String name) {
User user = this.setUser(id, no, name);
this.messagePub.convertAndSend(RedisConfig.RedisChannel.USER2_CHANNEL, user);
}
private User setUser(int id, String no, String name) {
User user = new User();
user.setId(id);
user.setNo(no);
user.setName(name);
return user;
}
}
RedisTemplate 的测试RedisService 换成 RedisTemplate, 用 RedisTemplate 的方法即可, RedisService 为自己简单封装的一个servicegithub 查看源代码,直接 copy 下来即可订阅模式 的测试/redis/message/pub API, 例如: http://localhost:8080/redis/message/pub?id=1&no=1&name=1
http://localhost:8080/redis/message/pub?id=1&no=1&name=1 或者 http://localhost:8080/redis/message1/pub?id=1&no=1&name=1,会发现 RedisUserReceiver 和 RedisUser2Receiver 会成功接收到各自通道的消息, 而 RedisAllReceiver 会得到所有的消息RedisUserReceiver : topic: topic_user, value: User{id=1, no='1', name='1'}
RedisAllReceiver : topic_*: topic_user, value: User{id=1, no='1', name='1'}
RedisUser2Receiver : topic_user2: topic_user, value: User{id=1, no='1', name='1'}
RedisAllReceiver : topic_*: topic_user2, value: User{id=1, no='1', name='1'}
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