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Given the root of a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes' values.
Example 1:
Input: root = [1,null,2,3] Output: [1,2,3]
Example 2:
Input: root = [] Output: []
Example 3:
Input: root = [1] Output: [1]
Example 4:
Input: root = [1,2] Output: [1,2]
Example 5:
Input: root = [1,null,2] Output: [1,2]
Constraints:
[0, 100].-100 <= Node.val <= 100
Follow up: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?
Recursive:
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:
def preorderTraversal(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[int]:
def preorder(root):
if root:
res.append(root.val)
preorder(root.left)
preorder(root.right)
res = []
preorder(root)
return res
Non-recursive:
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:
def preorderTraversal(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[int]:
res = []
if root:
s = [root]
while s:
node = s.pop()
res.append(node.val)
if node.right:
s.append(node.right)
if node.left:
s.append(node.left)
return res
Recursive:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
private List<Integer> res;
public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
res = new ArrayList<>();
preorder(root);
return res;
}
private void preorder(TreeNode root) {
if (root != null) {
res.add(root.val);
preorder(root.left);
preorder(root.right);
}
}
}
Non-recursive:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) {
return Collections.emptyList();
}
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
Deque<TreeNode> s = new ArrayDeque<>();
s.push(root);
while (!s.isEmpty()) {
TreeNode node = s.pop();
res.add(node.val);
if (node.right != null) {
s.push(node.right);
}
if (node.left != null) {
s.push(node.left);
}
}
return res;
}
}
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