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README
Apache-2.0

RocketMQ-Spring Build Status

Maven Central GitHub release License

English

帮助开发者在Spring Boot中快速集成RocketMQ。支持Spring Message规范,方便开发者从其它MQ快速切换到RocketMQ。

如何贡献和帮助社区

我们永远欢迎开发者的帮助来使这个项目更加完善,无论是小的文档还是大的功能新特性,请参考RocketMQ的主站了解细节

前提条件

  • JDK 1.8 and above
  • Maven 3.0 and above

功能特性:

  • 同步发送
  • 同步顺序发送
  • 异步发送
  • 异步顺序发送
  • 顺序消费
  • 并发消费(广播/集群)
  • one-way方式发送
  • 事务方式发送
  • pull消费

Quick Start

下面列出来了一些关键点,完整的示例请参考: rocketmq-spring-boot-samples

注意:当前的RELEASE.VERSION=2.0.1

<!--在pom.xml中添加依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>${RELEASE.VERSION}</version>
</dependency>

发送消息

## application.properties
rocketmq.name-server=127.0.0.1:9876
rocketmq.producer.group=my-group

注意:

请将上述示例配置中的127.0.0.1:9876替换成真实RocketMQ的NameServer地址与端口

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication implements CommandLineRunner{
    @Resource
    private RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate;
    
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class, args);
    }
    
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        rocketMQTemplate.convertAndSend("test-topic-1", "Hello, World!");
        rocketMQTemplate.send("test-topic-1", MessageBuilder.withPayload("Hello, World! I'm from spring message").build());
        rocketMQTemplate.convertAndSend("test-topic-2", new OrderPaidEvent("T_001", new BigDecimal("88.00")));
        
//        rocketMQTemplate.destroy(); // notes:  once rocketMQTemplate be destroyed, you can not send any message again with this rocketMQTemplate
    }
    
    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public class OrderPaidEvent implements Serializable{
        private String orderId;
        
        private BigDecimal paidMoney;
    }
}

在发送客户端发送事务性消息并且实现回查Listener

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication implements CommandLineRunner{
    @Resource
    private RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate;

    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class, args);
    }

    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        try {
            // Build a SpringMessage for sending in transaction
            Message msg = MessageBuilder.withPayload(..)...
            // In sendMessageInTransaction(), the first parameter transaction name ("test")
            // must be same with the @RocketMQTransactionListener's member field 'transName'
            rocketMQTemplate.sendMessageInTransaction("test", "test-topic" msg, null);
        } catch (MQClientException e) {
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        }
    }

    // Define transaction listener with the annotation @RocketMQTransactionListener
    @RocketMQTransactionListener(transName="test")
    class TransactionListenerImpl implements RocketMQLocalTransactionListener {
          @Override
          public RocketMQLocalTransactionState executeLocalTransaction(Message msg, Object arg) {
            // ... local transaction process, return bollback, commit or unknown
            return RocketMQLocalTransactionState.UNKNOWN;
          }

          @Override
          public RocketMQLocalTransactionState checkLocalTransaction(Message msg) {
            // ... check transaction status and return bollback, commit or unknown
            return RocketMQLocalTransactionState.COMMIT;
          }
    }
}

更多发送相关配置

rocketmq.producer.send-message-timeout=300000
rocketmq.producer.compress-message-body-threshold=4096
rocketmq.producer.max-message-size=4194304
rocketmq.producer.retry-times-when-send-async-failed=0
rocketmq.producer.retry-next-server=true
rocketmq.producer.retry-times-when-send-failed=2

接收消息

## application.properties
rocketmq.name-server=127.0.0.1:9876

注意:

请将上述示例配置中的127.0.0.1:9876替换成真实RocketMQ的NameServer地址与端口

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication{
    
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
    
    @Slf4j
    @Service
    @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "test-topic-1", consumerGroup = "my-consumer_test-topic-1")
    public class MyConsumer1 implements RocketMQListener<String>{
        public void onMessage(String message) {
            log.info("received message: {}", message);
        }
    }
    
    @Slf4j
    @Service
    @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "test-topic-2", consumerGroup = "my-consumer_test-topic-2")
    public class MyConsumer2 implements RocketMQListener<OrderPaidEvent>{
        public void onMessage(OrderPaidEvent orderPaidEvent) {
            log.info("received orderPaidEvent: {}", orderPaidEvent);
        }
    }
}

更多消费相关配置

see: RocketMQMessageListener

FAQ

  1. 生产环境有多个nameserver该如何连接?

    rocketmq.name-server支持配置多个nameserver地址,采用;分隔即可。例如:172.19.0.1:9876;172.19.0.2:9876

  2. rocketMQTemplate在什么时候被销毁?

    开发者在项目中使用rocketMQTemplate发送消息时,不需要手动执行rocketMQTemplate.destroy()方法, rocketMQTemplate会在spring容器销毁时自动销毁。

  3. 启动报错:Caused by: org.apache.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException: The consumer group[xxx] has been created before, specify another name please

    RocketMQ在设计时就不希望一个消费者同时处理多个类型的消息,因此同一个consumerGroup下的consumer职责应该是一样的,不要干不同的事情(即消费多个topic)。建议consumerGrouptopic一一对应。

  4. 发送的消息内容体是如何被序列化与反序列化的?

    RocketMQ的消息体都是以byte[]方式存储。当业务系统的消息内容体如果是java.lang.String类型时,统一按照utf-8编码转成byte[];如果业务系统的消息内容为非java.lang.String类型,则采用jackson-databind序列化成JSON格式的字符串之后,再统一按照utf-8编码转成byte[]

  5. 如何指定topic的tags?

    RocketMQ的最佳实践中推荐:一个应用尽可能用一个Topic,消息子类型用tags来标识,tags可以由应用自由设置。 在使用rocketMQTemplate发送消息时,通过设置发送方法的destination参数来设置消息的目的地,destination的格式为topicName:tagName:前面表示topic的名称,后面表示tags名称。

    注意:

    tags从命名来看像是一个复数,但发送消息时,目的地只能指定一个topic下的一个tag,不能指定多个。

  6. 发送消息时如何设置消息的key?

    可以通过重载的xxxSend(String destination, Message<?> msg, ...)方法来发送消息,指定msgheaders来完成。示例:

    Message<?> message = MessageBuilder.withPayload(payload).setHeader(MessageConst.PROPERTY_KEYS, msgId).build();
    rocketMQTemplate.send("topic-test", message);

    同理还可以根据上面的方式来设置消息的FLAGWAIT_STORE_MSG_OK以及一些用户自定义的其它头信息。

    注意:

    在将Spring的Message转化为RocketMQ的Message时,为防止header信息与RocketMQ的系统属性冲突,在所有header的名称前面都统一添加了前缀USERS_。因此在消费时如果想获取自定义的消息头信息,请遍历头信息中以USERS_开头的key即可。

  7. 消费消息时,除了获取消息payload外,还想获取RocketMQ消息的其它系统属性,需要怎么做?

    消费者在实现RocketMQListener接口时,只需要起泛型为MessageExt即可,这样在onMessage方法将接收到RocketMQ原生的MessageExt消息。

    @Slf4j
    @Service
    @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "test-topic-1", consumerGroup = "my-consumer_test-topic-1")
    public class MyConsumer2 implements RocketMQListener<MessageExt>{
        public void onMessage(MessageExt messageExt) {
            log.info("received messageExt: {}", messageExt);
        }
    }
  8. 如何指定消费者从哪开始消费消息,或开始消费的位置?

    消费者默认开始消费的位置请参考:RocketMQ FAQ。 若想自定义消费者开始的消费位置,只需在消费者类添加一个RocketMQPushConsumerLifecycleListener接口的实现即可。 示例如下:

    @Slf4j
    @Service
    @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "test-topic-1", consumerGroup = "my-consumer_test-topic-1")
    public class MyConsumer1 implements RocketMQListener<String>, RocketMQPushConsumerLifecycleListener {
        @Override
        public void onMessage(String message) {
            log.info("received message: {}", message);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void prepareStart(final DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer) {
            // set consumer consume message from now
            consumer.setConsumeFromWhere(ConsumeFromWhere.CONSUME_FROM_TIMESTAMP);
            consumer.setConsumeTimestamp(UtilAll.timeMillisToHumanString3(System.currentTimeMillis()));
        }
    }

    同理,任何关于DefaultMQPushConsumer的更多其它其它配置,都可以采用上述方式来完成。

  9. 如何发送事务消息(即半消息支持分布式事务)? 在客户端,首先用户需要实现RocketMQLocalTransactionListener接口,并在接口类上注解声明@RocketMQTransactionListener,实现确认和回查方法;然后再使用资源模板RocketMQTemplate, 调用方法sendMessageInTransaction()来进行消息的发布。 注意:这个方法通过指定发送者组名与具体的声明了txProducerGroup的TransactionListener进行关联,您也可以不指定这个值,从而使用默认的事务发送者组。

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简介

为了帮助开发者在 Spring Boot 中快速集成 RocketMQ 并支持 Spring Message 规范,使开发者从其它 MQ 快速切换到 RocketMQ,Apache 展开 收起
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