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Quickly create and run optimised Windows, macOS and Linux desktop virtual machines.
Made with 💝 for 
Quickly create and run highly optimised desktop virtual machines for Linux, macOS and Windows; with just two commands. You decide what operating system you want to run and Quickemu will figure out the best way to do it for you. For example:
quickget ubuntu-mate 22.04
quickemu --vm ubuntu-mate-22.04-.conf
The original objective of the project was to enable quick testing of Linux distributions where the virtual machine configurations can be stored anywhere, such as external USB storage or your home directory, and no elevated permissions are required to run the virtual machines. Quickemu now also includes comprehensive support for macOS and Windows.
smbd
is installed on the host)Quickemu is a wrapper for the excellent QEMU that attempts to automatically "do the right thing", rather than expose exhaustive configuration options.
We have a Discord for this project:
See this (old) video where I explain some of my motivations for creating Quickemu.
For Ubuntu, Arch and nixos systems the ppa, AUR or nix packaging will take care of the dependencies. For other host distributions or operating systems it will be necessary to install the above requirements or their equivalents.
These examples may save a little typing
Debian:
sudo apt install qemu bash coreutils ovmf grep jq lsb procps python3 genisoimage usbutils util-linux sed spice-client-gtk swtpm wget xdg-user-dirs zsync unzip
Fedora:
sudo dnf install qemu bash coreutils edk2-tools grep jq lsb procps python3 genisoimage usbutils util-linux sed spice-gtk-tools swtpm wget xdg-user-dirs xrandr unzip
MacOS:
This is a work in progress (see issue 248 for other steps and changes that may enable running on MacOS)
brew install qemu bash coreutils grep jq python@3.10 cdrtools gnu-sed spice-gtk wget zsync
While quickemu and quickget are designed for the terminal, a
graphical user interface is also available:
Many thanks to Luke Wesley-Holley and Philipp Kiemle for creating the Quickemu icons 🎨
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannick-mauray/quickgui
sudo apt update
sudo apt install quickgui
Quickemu is available from a PPA for Ubuntu users. The Quickemu PPA also includes a back port of QEMU 6.0.0 for 20.04 (Focal) and 21.04 (Hirsute). To install Quickemu and all the dependencies run the following in a terminal:
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:flexiondotorg/quickemu
sudo apt update
sudo apt install quickemu
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/wimpysworld/quickemu
cd quickemu
Now install all the Requirements documented above.
Repology.org found the following releases have been packaged.
quickget will automatically download an Ubuntu release and create the
virtual machine configuration.
quickget ubuntu 22.04
quickemu --vm ubuntu-22.04.conf
spice-vdagent) to enable copy/paste
and USB redirection
sudo apt install spice-vdagentspice-webdavd) to enable file
sharing.
sudo apt install spice-webdavdquickget can also download/refresh devel images via zsync for Ubuntu
developers and testers.
quickget ubuntu devel
quickemu --vm ubuntu-devel.conf
You can run quickget ubuntu devel to refresh your daily development
image as often as you like, it will even automatically switch to a new
series.
All the official Ubuntu flavours are supported, just replace ubuntu
with your preferred flavour.
kubuntu (Kubuntu)lubuntu (Lubuntu)ubuntu-budgie (Ubuntu Budgie)ubuntukylin (Ubuntu Kylin)ubuntu-mate (Ubuntu MATE)ubuntustudio (Ubuntu Studio)ubuntu (Ubuntu)xubuntu (Xubuntu)quickget also supports:
quickget also supports:
alma (Alma Linux)alpine (Alpine Linux)android (Android x86)archlinux (Arch Linux)arcolinux (Arco Linux)batocera (Batocera)cachyos (CachyOS)centos-stream (CentOS Stream)debian (Debian)deepin (Deepin)devuan (Devuan)dragonflybsd (DragonFlyBSD)elementary (elementary OS)endeavouros (EndeavourOS)fedora (Fedora)freebsd (FreeBSD)freedos (FreeDOS)garuda (Garuda Linux)gentoo (Gentoo)ghostbsd (GhostBSD)haiku (Haiku)kali (Kali)kdeneon (KDE Neon)kolibrios (KolibriOS)linuxmint (Linux Mint)lmde (Linux Mint Debian Edition)manjaro (Manjaro)mxlinux (MX Linux)netboot (netboot.xyz)netbsd (NetBSD)nixos (NixOS)openbsd (OpenBSD)opensuse (openSUSE)oraclelinux (Oracle Linux)popos (Pop!_OS)regolith (Regolith Linux)rockylinux (Rocky Linux)slackware (Slackware)solus (Solus)tails (Tails)void (Void Linux)zorin (Zorin OS)Or you can download a Linux image and manually create a VM configuration.
debian-bullseye.conf
guest_os="linux"
disk_img="debian-bullseye/disk.qcow2"
iso="debian-bullseye/firmware-11.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso"
quickemu to start the virtual machine:quickemu --vm debian-bullseye.conf
spice-vdagent) to enable copy/paste
and USB redirection.spice-webdavd) to enable file
sharing.quickget automatically downloads a macOS recovery image and creates a
virtual machine configuration.
quickget macos catalina
quickemu --vm macos-catalina.conf
macOS high-sierra, mojave, catalina, big-sur and monterey are
supported.
Apple Inc. VirtIO Block Media from the list and
click Erase.QEMU HARDDISK Media (~103.08GB) from the list
and click Erase.Name: for the disk and click Erase.The default macOS configuration looks like this:
guest_os="macos"
img="macos-catalina/RecoveryImage.img"
disk_img="macos-catalina/disk.qcow2"
macos_release="catalina"
guest_os="macos" instructs Quickemu to optimise for macOS.macos_release="catalina" instructs Quickemu to optimise for a
particular macOS release.
There are some considerations when running macOS via Quickemu.
quickemu will automatically download the required
OpenCore bootloader
and OVMF firmware from OSX-KVM.usb-tablet is used
for the mouse.virtio-net) is supported and enabled on macOS
Big Sur and newer but previous releases use vmxnet3.quickget can automatically download Windows 8.1, Windows
10 and
Windows
11 along
with the VirtIO drivers for
Windows
and creates a virtual machine configuration.
quickget windows 11
quickemu --vm windows-11.conf
Quickemu
quickemu
By default quickget will download the "English International"
release, but you can optionally specify one of the supported languages:
For example:
quickget windows 11 "Chinese (Traditional)"
The default Windows 11 configuration looks like this:
guest_os="windows"
disk_img="windows-11/disk.qcow2"
iso="windows-11/Win11_EnglishInternational_x64.iso"
fixed_iso="windows-11/virtio-win.iso"
tpm="on"
secureboot="on"
guest_os="windows" instructs quickemu to optimise for Windows.fixed_iso= specifies the ISO image that provides VirtIO drivers.tpm="on" instructs quickemu to create a software emulated TPM
device using swtpm.The following features are available while using the SPICE protocol:
To use SPICE add --display spice to the Quickemu invocation, this
requires that the spicy client is installed, available from the
spice-client-gtk package in Debian/Ubuntu.
quickemu --vm ubuntu-22.04.conf --display spice
To enable copy/paste with a Windows guest, install SPICE Windows guest tools in the guest VM.
To start a VM with SPICE enabled, but no display attached use
--display none. This requires that the spicy client is installed,
available from the spice-client-gtk package in Debian/Ubuntu to
connect to the running VM
quickemu --vm ubuntu-22.04.conf --display none
You can also use the .ports file in the VM directory to lookup what
SSH and SPICE ports the VM is connected to.
cat ubuntu-22.04/ubuntu-22.04.ports
If, for example, the SSH port is set to 22220, and assuming your VM has a started SSH service (details vary by OS), you can typically SSH into it from the host as follows:
ssh -p 22220 your_vm_user@localhost
Qemu provides support for using BrlAPI to display braille output on a real or fake device.
quickemu --vm ubuntu-22.04.conf --braille --display sdl
Since Quickemu 2.1.0 efi is the default boot option. If you want to
override this behaviour then add the following line to you VM
configuration to enable legacy BIOS.
boot="legacy" - Enable Legacy BIOS bootBy default, Quickemu will calculate the number of CPUs cores and RAM to allocate to a VM based on the specifications of your host computer. You can override this default behaviour and tune the VM configuration to your liking.
Add additional lines to your virtual machine configuration:
cpu_cores="4" - Specify the number of CPU cores allocated to the
VMram="4G" - Specify the amount of RAM to allocate to the VMdisk_size="16G" - Specify the size of the virtual disk allocated
to the VMPreallocation mode (allowed values: off (default), metadata,
falloc, full). An image with preallocated metadata is initially
larger but can improve performance when the image needs to grow.
Specify what disk preallocation should be used, if any, when creating the system disk image by adding a line like this to your VM configuration.
preallocation="metadata"If you want to expose an ISO image from the host to guest add the following line to the VM configuration:
fixed_iso="/path/to/image.iso"If you're like Alan Pope you'll probably want to mount a floppy disk image in the guest. To do so add the following line to the VM configuration:
floppy="/path/to/floppy.img"All File Sharing options will only expose ~/Public (or localised
variations) for the current user to the guest VMs.
If smbd is available on the host, Quickemu will automatically enable
the built-in QEMU support for exposing a Samba share from the host to
the guest.
You can install the minimal Samba components on Ubuntu using:
sudo apt install --no-install-recommends samba
If everything is set up correctly, the smbd address will be printed
when the virtual machine is started. For example:
- smbd: On guest: smb://10.0.2.4/qemu
If using a Windows guest, right-click on "This PC", click "Add a network
location", and paste this address, removing smb: and replacing forward
slashes with backslashes (in this example \\10.0.2.4\qemu).
Add an additional line to your virtual machine configuration. For example:
port_forwards=("8123:8123" "8888:80")In the example above:
Connect your virtual machine to a preconfigured network bridge. Add an additional line to your virtual machine configuration
bridge="br0"Quickemu supports USB redirection via SPICE pass-through and host pass-through.
Using SPICE for USB pass-through is easiest as it doesn't require any
elevated permission, start Quickemu with --display spice and then
select Input -> Select USB Device for redirection from the menu to
choose which device(s) you want to attach to the guest.
USB host redirection is not recommended, it is provided purely for backwards compatibility to older versions of Quickemu. Using SPICE is preferred, see above.
Add an additional line to your virtual machine configuration. For example:
usb_devices=("046d:082d" "046d:085e")In the example above:
If the USB devices are not writable, quickemu will display the
appropriate commands to modify the USB device(s) access permissions,
like this:
- USB: Host pass-through requested:
- Sennheiser Communications EPOS GTW 270 on bus 001 device 005 needs permission changes:
sudo chown -v root:user /dev/bus/usb/001/005
ERROR! USB permission changes are required 👆
Since Quickemu 2.2.0 a software emulated TPM device can be added to
guest virtual machines. Just add tpm="on" to your VM configuration.
quickget will automatically add this line to Windows 11 virtual
machines.
Here are the usage instructions:
Usage
quickemu --vm ubuntu.conf
You can also pass optional parameters
--braille : Enable braille support. Requires SDL.
--delete-disk : Delete the disk image and EFI variables
--delete-vm : Delete the entire VM and it's configuration
--display : Select display backend. 'sdl' (default), 'gtk', 'none', 'spice' or 'spice-app'
--fullscreen : Starts VM in full screen mode (Ctl+Alt+f to exit)
--ignore-msrs-always : Configure KVM to always ignore unhandled machine-specific registers
--screen <screen> : Use specified screen to determine the window size.
--shortcut : Create a desktop shortcut
--snapshot apply <tag> : Apply/restore a snapshot.
--snapshot create <tag> : Create a snapshot.
--snapshot delete <tag> : Delete a snapshot.
--snapshot info : Show disk/snapshot info.
--status-quo : Do not commit any changes to disk/snapshot.
--viewer <viewer> : Choose an alternative viewer. @Options: 'spicy' (default), 'remote-viewer', 'none'
--ssh-port <port> : Set ssh-port manually
--spice-port <port> : Set spice-port manually
--public-dir <path> : expose share directory. @Options: '' (default: xdg-user-dir PUBLICSHARE), '<directory>', 'none'
--monitor <type> : Set monitor connection type. @Options: 'socket' (default), 'telnet', 'none'
--monitor-telnet-host <ip/host> : Set telnet host for monitor. (default: 'localhost')
--monitor-telnet-port <port> : Set telnet port for monitor. (default: '4440')
--monitor-cmd <cmd> : Send command to monitor if available. (Example: system_powerdown)
--serial <type> : Set serial connection type. @Options: 'socket' (default), 'telnet', 'none'
--serial-telnet-host <ip/host> : Set telnet host for serial. (default: 'localhost')
--serial-telnet-port <port> : Set telnet port for serial. (default: '6660')
--keyboard <type> : Set keyboard. @Options: 'usb' (default), 'ps2', 'virtio'
--keyboard_layout <layout> : Set keyboard layout.
--mouse <type> : Set mouse. @Options: 'tablet' (default), 'ps2', 'usb', 'virtio'
--usb-controller <type> : Set usb-controller. @Options: 'ehci' (default), 'xhci', 'none'
--extra_args <arguments> : Pass additional arguments to qemu
--version : Print version
Desktop shortcuts can be created for a VM, the shortcuts are saved in
~/.local/share/applications. Here is an example of how to create a
shortcut.
quickemu --vm ubuntu-22.04-desktop.conf --shortcut
qemu will always default to the primary monitor to display the VM's
window.
Without the --screen option, quickemu will look for the size of the
smallest monitor, and use a size that fits on said monitor.
The --screen option forces quickemu to use the size of the given
monitor to compute the size of the window. It won't use that monitor
to display the VM's window if it's not the primary monitor. This is
useful if the primary monitor if not the smallest one, and if the VM's
window doesn't need to be moved around.
The --screen option is also useful with the --fullscreen option,
again because qemu will always use the primary monitor. In order for
the fullscreen mode to work properly, the resolution of the VM's window
must match the resolution of the screen.
To know which screen to use, type:
xrandr --listmonitors | grep -v Monitors
The command will output something like this:
0: +*HDMI-0 2560/597x1440/336+1920+0 HDMI-0
1: +DVI-D-0 1920/527x1080/296+0+0 DVI-D-0
The first number is what needs to be passed to the --screen option.
For example:
quickemu --vm vm.conf --screen 0
The above uses the 2560x1440 screen to compute the size of the window,
which Quickemu sizes to 2048x1152. Without the --screen option,
Quickemu would have used the 1920x1080 monitor which results in a window
size of 1664x936.
Useful reference that assisted the development of Quickemu.
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