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mkcert is a simple tool for making locally-trusted development certificates. It requires no configuration.
$ mkcert -install
Created a new local CA at "/Users/filippo/Library/Application Support/mkcert" 💥
The local CA is now installed in the system trust store! ⚡️
The local CA is now installed in the Firefox trust store (requires restart)! 🦊
$ mkcert example.com '*.example.org' myapp.dev localhost 127.0.0.1 ::1
Using the local CA at "/Users/filippo/Library/Application Support/mkcert" ✨
Created a new certificate valid for the following names 📜
- "example.com"
- "*.example.org"
- "myapp.dev"
- "localhost"
- "127.0.0.1"
- "::1"
The certificate is at "./example.com+5.pem" and the key at "./example.com+5-key.pem" ✅
Using certificates from real certificate authorities (CAs) for development can be dangerous or impossible (for hosts like localhost
or 127.0.0.1
), but self-signed certificates cause trust errors. Managing your own CA is the best solution, but usually involves arcane commands, specialized knowledge and manual steps.
mkcert automatically creates and installs a local CA in the system root store, and generates locally-trusted certificates.
On macOS, use Homebrew.
brew install mkcert
brew install nss # if you use Firefox
On Linux, install certutil
sudo apt install libnss3-tools
-or-
sudo yum install nss-tools
and build from source (requires Go 1.10+), or use the pre-built binaries.
go get -u github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert
$(go env GOPATH)/bin/mkcert
On Arch Linux you can use your AUR helper to install mkcert from the PKGBUILD.
yaourt -S mkcert
On Windows build from source (requires Go 1.10+), or use the pre-built binaries.
Warning: the
rootCA-key.pem
file that mkcert automatically generates gives complete power to intercept secure requests from your machine. Do not share it.
mkcert supports the following root stores:
update-ca-trust
(Fedora, RHEL, CentOS) orupdate-ca-certificates
(Ubuntu, Debian)JAVA_HOME
is set)For the certificates to be trusted on mobile devices, you will have to install the root CA. It's the rootCA.pem
file in the folder printed by mkcert -CAROOT
.
On iOS, you can either use AirDrop, email the CA to yourself, or serve it from an HTTP server. After installing it, you must enable full trust in it. Note: earlier versions of mkcert ran into an iOS bug, if you can't see the root in "Certificate Trust Settings" you might have to update mkcert and regenerate the root.
For Android, you will have to install the CA and then enable user roots in the development build of your app. See this StackOverflow answer.
The CA certificate and its key are stored in an application data folder in the user home. You usually don't have to worry about it, as installation is automated, but the location is printed by mkcert -CAROOT
.
If you want to manage separate CAs, you can use the environment variable $CAROOT
to set the folder where mkcert will place and look for the local CA files.
Installing in the trust store does not require the CA key, so you can export the CA certificate and use mkcert to install it in other machines.
rootCA.pem
file in mkcert -CAROOT
$CAROOT
to its directorymkcert -install
Remember that mkcert is meant for development purposes, not production, so it should not be used on end users' machines, and that you should not export or share rootCA-key.pem
.
This is not an official Google project, just some code that happens to be owned by Google.
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