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README
Apache-2.0

封面

Version License JDK 1.7

全新项目主页:http://www.hutool.cn/

Hutool交流QQ群:== 537116831 ==

功能

一个Java基础工具类,对文件、流、加密解密、转码、正则、线程、XML等JDK方法进行封装,组成各种Util工具类,同时提供以下组件:

  • hutool-aop JDK动态代理封装,提供非IOC下的切面支持
  • hutool-bloomFilter 布隆过滤,提供一些Hash算法的布隆过滤
  • hutool-cache 缓存
  • hutool-core 核心,包括Bean操作、日期、各种Util等
  • hutool-cron 定时任务模块,提供类Crontab表达式的定时任务
  • hutool-crypto 加密解密模块
  • hutool-db JDBC封装后的数据操作,基于ActiveRecord思想
  • hutool-dfa 基于DFA模型的多关键字查找
  • hutool-extra 扩展模块,对第三方封装(模板引擎、邮件、Servlet、二维码等)
  • hutool-http 基于HttpUrlConnection的Http客户端封装
  • hutool-log 自动识别日志实现的日志门面
  • hutool-script 脚本执行封装,例如Javascript
  • hutool-setting 功能更强大的Setting配置文件和Properties封装
  • hutool-system 系统参数调用封装(JVM信息等)
  • hutool-json JSON实现
  • hutool-captcha 图片验证码实现

简介

Hutool是Hu + tool的自造词,前者致敬我的“前任公司”,后者为工具之意,谐音“糊涂”,寓意追求“万事都作糊涂观,无所谓失,无所谓得”的境界。

Hutool是一个Java工具包,也只是一个工具包,它帮助我们简化每一行代码,减少每一个方法,让Java语言也可以“甜甜的”。Hutool最初是我项目中“util”包的一个整理,后来慢慢积累并加入更多非业务相关功能,并广泛学习其它开源项目精髓,经过自己整理修改,最终形成丰富的开源工具集。

设计哲学

1. 方法优先于对象

在工具类中,往往以静态方法为主。方法集中在一个类中,配合IDE查找使用起来是十分便利的。于是Hutool将JDK中许多的类总结抽象为一个方法,这一原则使用最多的就是流的相关方法,这些方法很好的隐藏了XXXInputStream、XXXReader等的复杂性。

2. 自动识别优于用户定义

其实很多时候,有些参数、设置等是没有必要我们自己传入的,完全可以靠逻辑判断自动完成。一个方法很多时候明明只需要传3个参数,我们非要传4个,这多出的一个参数本身就是代码的一种冗余。

这一原则在Hutool的各个角落都有所体现,尤为明显的比如log模块。构建日志对象的时候,很明显类名可以动态获取,何必让使用者再传入呢?再比如在db模块的数据库配置中,数据库驱动命名完全可以根据连接字符串判断出来,何必要让用户传入?这些问题的在Hutool中都有非常好的封装,而这一原则也渐渐变成Hutool哲学的一部分。

3. 便捷性与灵活性并存

所谓便捷性,就是我们在调用一个方法的时候参数要尽量少,只传必要参数即可,非必要参数使用默认值即可(想想一个方法一堆参数的时候,调用者晕头转向不知所云)。

所谓灵活性正好与便捷性相反,要让一个方法的参数尽量多,为用户灵活的操作方法提供最大可能性。

这两个原则看似矛盾,其实只是针对不同场景设定的而已,缺一不可。便捷性强调拿来即用,为快速开发提供可能;灵活性强调最大限度调优,为性能调优和扩展提供便利。

这一原则在针对编码问题上体现尤为突出,我们的大部分方法都是默认“UTF-8”编码的,这也是我们推荐的编码方式,推荐大部分项目使用的编码。但是一旦有遗留项目使用了类似“GBK”等编码,没关系,我们提供在相关方法中提供Charset对象参数,可以自定义编码。这样使用这一原则就兼顾了各种项目的情况。

4. 适配与兼容

在Hutool中,适配器模式运用特别广泛,log模块适配主流各大框架,db模块适配主流各种连接池和关系数据库。这种适配一是提高灵活性,二是可以很好的兼容各大框架,让Hutool可以在各种复杂项目环境中生存的很好。

适配兼容产生的另一个原则是:你有我配,你无我有。说白了就是:如果你项目中有这个框架,我可以完美适配,如果你没有引入任何框架,Hutool自身实现了一些逻辑可以很好的工作。

5. 可选依赖原则

在Java项目中依赖常常是个头疼的问题,不同的框架强依赖另一些框架或包,虽然Maven可以很好的处理冲突问题,但是项目底下满满的依赖jar包,是不是无形中拖慢了项目,也增加了复杂性和不确定性?而很多时候,我们是不是只是为了用一个小小的方法,就要引入一个第三方包,谁喜欢这样臃肿的项目?

Hutool中也会有一些依赖,但是全部都是optional的,在使用中不会关联依赖,而这些依赖只有在使用者使用到时才会调用,这时可能会报ClassNotFoundException,不用担心,我们自己引入即可。为什么要这样做呢?以VelocityUtil这个工具类为例,使用Velocity的人占比极少,我们不能为了这些用户而强引入Velocity包,而使用这个工具类的人应该明白,我们应该自己引入这个包。

而更多时候,我们需要用到某个方法时,我的做法是将方法拷贝到项目中(Hutool中的方法正在不断积累),类似于Apache Commons中的方法,Hutool中基本都有取代方法,完全不必要引入。

可选依赖原则让我们的项目更加精简,问题也更容易排查。

6. 无侵入原则

Hutool始终是一个工具类而不是框架,这意味着它对项目的侵入几乎为零,每个方法都是可被代替的,甚至整个Hutool也是可被替换的。这种无侵入性,让使用者可以更加放心的在项目中引入,也保证了与其它框架完美的兼容。

安装

Maven

在项目的pom.xml的dependencies中加入以下内容:

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.6</version>
</dependency>

Gradle

compile 'cn.hutool:hutool-all:4.0.6'

注:工具包的版本可以通过 http://search.maven.org/ 搜索hutool-all找到项目。

非Maven项目

可以从http://search.maven.org/ 搜索hutool all找到项目,点击对应版本,下面是相应的Jar包,导入即可使用。

http://search.maven.org/#search%7Cga%7C1%7Cg%3A%22cn.hutool%22%20AND%20a%3A%22hutool-all%22

点击链接后点选择对应版本,点击列表尾部的“Download”下载jar、API文档、源码

如果中央库访问不便,可以访问阿里云的资源:

http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/cn/hutool/hutool-all/

文档

请移步: Hutool Wiki@OSC

版本变更

CHANGELOG.md

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简介

Hutool是一个Java工具集,针对我们项目中util包进行开刀,抽象大量的工具方法,旨在减少项目中工具类的数量,将我们的编码工作专注在业务上。Hutool 对文件、流、加密解密、转码、正则、线程、XML、日期、Http客户端 等 JDK 方法进行封装,组成各种 Util 工具类。 Hutool并非框架,而是一个工具类方法集合,随用随取,且随时可被替换,与任何框架不冲突。 Hutool的大部分工具方法并不依赖第三方包(extra模块对第三方框架封装工具类除外),轻量简洁。 展开 收起
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