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README
Apache-2.0

关于DRC

DRC(Data Replication Center)是唯品会自研的MySQL双向复制方案,主要应用场景是数据库双向复制、单向复制。

目前DRC在唯品会还未正式使用,正在逐步验证,功能仍在完善中,目前可能存在一些未知问题,如果你需要使用DRC,请评估好相应风险。

DRC在实时数据管道(RDP)的基础上,实现了以下功能:

  • 支持MySQL实例的数据双向复制。
  • 规避双向复制导致的循环复制。
  • 检测异常情况下导致的数据冲突,并能自动处理, 保证两端的数据最终一致
  • 支持多线程重放binlog数据(MTS算法), 保证复制的吞吐量。
  • 支持数据对账, 检验双向复制正确性。

总体架构

以双向复制的场景为例,MySQL复制拓扑可以抽象为下图所示:

active_active

图中,MySQL分别部署在IDC_1和IDC_2,彼此相互同步变更事件(Change)。其中同步的工作由DRC来完成。

DRC总体架构如下所示:

drc_architecture

图中,S0和S1是DB数据分片。

经过api_router流量分发后,写分片S0的流量由IDC1负责,写分片S1的流量由IDC2负责。 IDC1与IDC2之间的数据通过两个DRC实例进行同步。

数据分片可以对应不同的子表,也可以是对应同一个表中的不同范围。

单个DRC实例的架构如下所示:

drc_instance

DRC实例包含三个组件:

  • RDP:实时拉取源DB的binlog,解析之后的事务数据写入到Kafka。
  • Kafka:存储解析之后的事务数据。
  • Applier:订阅Kafka中的事务数据,通过执行SQL语句的方式,重放到目标DB。

关于Applier

Applier是DRC中的主要组件,订阅来自RDP解析后的binlog数据,构造SQL语句后在目标MySQL执行。

Applier的主要功能有:SQL构造, 并行执行,冲突检测与处理,过滤循环复制的数据,中断恢复,重复数据幂等处理。

限制条件

  • MySQL版本必须在5.7.19及以上(因为MySQL 5.7.19之前的MTS算法存在BUG)。
  • MySQL需要开启GTID, 并设置binlog_format=ROW, binlog_row_image=FULL。
  • 业务数据库必须有主键字段(Applier处理数据冲突时依赖记录的主键)。

快速开始

1. 安装

源码安装

在源码根目录执行make,即可在build/mysql_applier/bin目录生成Applier可执行文件,同时产生实例配置文件:build/mysql-applier/etc/applier.ini.example。

[apps@localhost drc]$ make
[apps@localhost drc]$ ls build/mysql-applier/bin/
alarm.sh mysql-applier
[apps@localhost drc]$ ls build/mysql-applier/etc/
applier.ini.example

2. 修改配置

执行以下命令,修改Applier依赖的配置文件。

cp build/mysql-applier/etc && cp applier.ini.example applier.ini
vi applier.ini 

修改Kafka连接信息, 包括:brokerlist、订阅topic、partition和version。

[kafka]
#The kafka address of applier to fetch binlog event
brokerlist = 10.10.10.1:9092,10.10.10.2:9092,10.10.10.3:9092
topic = test_topic_1
partition = 0
version = 1.1.0

该Kafka topic中的数据是由RDP生成的,可以认为是源DB的binlog流。

修改目标DB连接信息。

[mysql]
#The mysql address of applier to write
host = localhost
port = 3306
user = root
passwd = 123456

注意:目标DB需要是源DB的历史镜像,后续通过Applier重放源DB的增量binlog。

注意:目标DB的所需最低权限是:SELECT , INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, ALTER, REFERENCES, INDEX

修改Zookeeper连接信息,包括:Zookeeper地址、zk节点路径(多个Applier副本依赖zk进行选主)。

[zk]
zk_addr_list = 10.10.10.1:2181,10.10.10.2:2181,10.10.10.3:2181
zk_root = /drc/mysql_applier/1000x

修改冲突处理方式,这里选择overwrite,表示如果复制过程中出现冲突,直接覆盖目标DB的记录。

当然,也可以选择time_overwrite, 表示基于时间戳来进行冲突处理,但是前提是表结构需要有特定的时间字段。

#The strategy to handle conflict, may be time_ignore|time_overwrite|ignore|overwrite
#if handle conflict base on time,need set the column name of row update time
handle_conflict_strategy=overwrite
update_time_column = update_time

对于线上使用,需要审慎选择冲突处理的方式,如果是双向复制,必须两个方向的处理方式不同:比如一边是overwrite,另一边是ignore。

3. 启动

假设配置文件build/mysql-applier/etc/applier.ini已经修改完成,那么执行以下命令启动Applier:

mkdir -p build/mysql_applier/logs
mkdir -p build/mysql_applier/metrics
cd build/mysql_applier/bin
./mysql-applier 

可以通过查看build/mysql_applier/logs目录下的日志文件,检查是否有ERROR信息。 如果有ERROR信息,请检查配置文件是否配置妥当。

4. 测试

在源DB执行DML或者DDL,检查是否在目标DB重放成功。

上述是单向复制搭建的步骤,双向复制搭建也是类似但更复杂些,建议用户根据自身需求,打造自动化搭建流程。

性能

关于DRC Applier的性能,请查看文档: DRC性能概览

监控特性

关于DRC Applier的暴露的监控特性,请查看文档: 监控特性

异常告警

关于DRC Applier运行过程中的异常告警,请查看文档:异常告警

管理API

关于DRC Applier的提供的http管理API,请查看文档: 管理API

数据对账

DRC提供了对账工具,用于比对两端数据是否一致,请查看文档: 数据对账

开发团队

DRC项目由唯品会基础架构部—数据中间件组开发和维护。开发成员如下:

License

DRC项目遵循Apache 2.0 license。

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简介

DRC(Data Replication Center)是唯品会自研的MySQL双向复制方案,主要应用场景是数据库双向复制、单向复制 展开 收起
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