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README
Apache-2.0

Mockey

English | 中文

Mockey 是一款简单易用的 Golang 打桩工具库,能够快速方便地进行函数、变量的 mock,目前在字节跳动各业务的单元测试编写中应用较为广泛,其底层是通过运行时改写函数指令实现的猴子补丁(Monkey Patch)

  1. 编译时需要禁用内联和编译优化,否则可能会 mock 失败或者报错,详见下面的 FAQ 章节
  2. 实际编写单测的过程中,建议结合 Convey 库一起使用

安装

go get github.com/bytedance/mockey@latest

快速上手

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	. "github.com/bytedance/mockey"
	. "github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
)

func Foo(in string) string {
	return in
}

type A struct{}

func (a A) Foo(in string) string { return in }

var Bar = 0

func TestMockXXX(t *testing.T) {
	PatchConvey("TestMockXXX", t, func() {
		Mock(Foo).Return("c").Build()   // mock函数 
		Mock(A.Foo).Return("c").Build() // mock方法 
		MockValue(&Bar).To(1)           // mock变量 

		So(Foo("a"), ShouldEqual, "c")        // 断言`Foo`成功mock 
		So(new(A).Foo("b"), ShouldEqual, "c") // 断言`A.Foo`成功mock 
		So(Bar, ShouldEqual, 1)               // 断言`Bar`成功mock 
	})
	// `PatchConvey`外自动释放mock
	fmt.Println(Foo("a"))        // a
	fmt.Println(new(A).Foo("b")) // b
	fmt.Println(Bar)             // 0
}

功能概览

  • mock 函数和方法
    • 基础功能
      • 普通/可变参数函数
      • 普通/可变参数方法
      • 嵌套结构体方法
      • 私有类型的导出方法(不同包下)
    • 高级功能
      • mock 后执行原函数
      • goroutine 条件过滤
      • 增量改变 mock 行为
      • 获取原函数执行次数
      • 获取 mock 函数执行次数
  • mock 变量
    • 普通变量
    • 函数变量

兼容性

平台支持

  • Mac OS(Darwin)
  • Linux
  • Windows

架构支持

  • AMD64
  • ARM64

版本支持

  • Go 1.13+

开源许可

Mockey 基于Apache License 2.0 许可证,其依赖的三方组件的开源许可见 Licenses

FAQ

如何禁用内联和编译优化?

  1. 命令行:go test -gcflags="all=-l -N" -v ./...
  2. Goland:在 运行/调试配置 > Go工具实参 对话框中填写 -gcflags="all=-l -N"

Mock 函数后仍走入了原函数?

  1. 未禁用内联或者编译优化:可以尝试使用 debug 模式,如果能跑过则说明是该问题,请转到 FAQ 相关章节
  2. 未调用Build()方法:mock 函数时漏写了.Build(),导致没有任何实际效果产生
  3. 目标函数不完全匹配:
func TestXXX(t *testing.T) {
Mock((*A).Foo).Return("c").Build()
fmt.Println(A{}.Foo("a")) // 走入原函数,目标函数应该是A.Foo

a := A{}
Mock(a.Foo).Return("c").Build()
fmt.Println(a.Foo("a")) // 走入原函数,目标函数应该是A.Foo或者使用工具函数GetMethod从a中获取 
}
  1. 目标函数在其他协程里执行:
func TestXXX(t *testing.T) {
   PatchConvey("TestXXX", t, func() {
      Mock(Foo).Return("c").Build()
      go Foo("a") // 执行Foo的时机不定
   })
   // 主协程走到这里时相关mock已经被PatchConvey释放,如果Foo先于此执行则mock成功,否则失败
   fmt.Println("over")
   time.Sleep(time.Second)
}

报错 "function is too short to patch"?

  1. 未禁用内联或者编译优化:可以尝试使用 debug 模式,如果能跑过则说明是该问题,请转到 FAQ 相关章节
  2. 函数确实太短:指目标函数小于一行,导致编译后机器码太短,一般两行及以上不会有这个问题
  3. 重复 mock 同一个函数:在最小单位的PatchConvey中重复 mock 同一个函数,如果确实有这种需求可以尝试获取Mocker后重新 mock
  4. 其他工具 mock 了该函数:例如已经使用 monkey 等工具 mock 了该函数
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a simple and easy-to-use golang mock library 展开 收起
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