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GPL-3.0

owmwpprt

OpenWrt Multi WAN Port Policy Routing Tool

OpenWrt固件多WAN口策略路由分流工具

v1.1.1

本工具使用Shell脚本编写,可在OpenWrt固件的路由器上基于mwan3的强大功能,根据各网络运营商的互联网地址的分布,针对路由器上每个WAN口生成多个不同的目标网段数据集合,灵活绑定到mwan3的WAN口策略规则中,实现全网段的多WAN口数据流量分流控制策略。

脚本使用的所有ISP网络运营商CIDR网段数据源自clang苍狼山庄 https://ispip.clang.cn/ 整理的APNIC官方每日更新。

脚本作为mwan3的配套软件,使用前请到OpenWrt中的“Software”界面内搜索并下载安装如下软件:

  • mwan3
  • luci-app-mwan3
  • luci-i18n-mwan3-zh-cn
  • wget-ssl
  • curl
  • dnsmasq-full(注:安装前需卸载删除原有的dnsmasq软件包)

开发环境

  • 固件版本 OpenWrt 22.03.2 r19803-9a599fee93 / LuCI openwrt-22.03 branch git-22.288.45147-96ec0cd
  • 内核版本 5.10.146
  • 虚拟机 VirtualBox 版本 6.1.36 r152435 (Qt5.6.2)

主要功能

  • 最多可支持8个WAN口的分流控制。
  • 可按如下10个覆盖全国的网络运营商IPv4目标网段的划分配置流量出口:
    • 中国电信网段
    • 中国联通/网通网段
    • 中国移动网段
    • 中国铁通网段
    • 中国教育网网段
    • 长城宽带/鹏博士网段
    • 中国大陆其他运营商网段
    • 香港地区运营商网段
    • 澳门地区运营商网段
    • 台湾地区运营商网段
  • 可通过mwan3为国外网段数据流量指定路由器出口。
  • 可通过mwan3为IPv6数据流量指定路由器出口。
  • 可任意指定某个目标网段数据流量的路由器出口。
  • 可设置某个目标网段数据流量通过负载均衡自动分配流量出口。
  • 可禁止某个网络运营商目标网段数据的使用。
  • 可自定义任意数量的IPv4目标网址/网段数据集合,以在mwan3的流量出口策略规则中使用。
  • 可自定义任意数量的域名数据集合,按所访问的域名分配流量出口。
  • 可自动/手动下载更新所有网络运营商的CIDR网段数据。
  • 可设置定时自动更新的时间及间隔。
  • 可自动在系统计划任务中添加定时更新数据任务,无需人工手动添加。
  • 可自动将脚本添加到系统启动项中,随路由器自动启动,无需人工手动添加。
  • 脚本启动时可自动获取mwan3中设定的可用WAN口,并在终端中显示所设置的运营商网段对应的出口信息。
  • 脚本启动时可自动侦测WAN口的内网IP、公网IP,并在终端中显示。
  • 所有终端上显示输出的信息均同时写入系统日志,可随时在系统日志中查看。
  • 提供脚本卸载数据命令,可将加载到系统启动项、计划任务,以及内存中的所有数据一次性卸载并清理干净。

使用指南

一、路由器WAN口设置

在路由器“网络-接口”界面中按照设备实际情况配置两个及以上的WAN口。WAN口设置页面中的“高级设置” 选项卡内,在 “使用网关跃点” 处,指定网关跃点,如“10”。第二个WAN口设置为“11”,以此类推,要求每一个WAN口的网关跃点数值唯一,不要有重复。网关跃点数值越小,优先级越高。

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二、路由器连接互联网,按前文所述下载安装5个必须的支撑软件。

SSH终端下载安装命令

        opkg update
        opkg install mwan3 luci-app-mwan3 luci-i18n-mwan3-zh-cn
        opkg install wget-ssl
        opkg install curl
        opkg remove dnsmasq && opkg install dnsmasq-full

三、mwan3设置

  1. 接口

    在路由器“网络-MultiWAN管理器”中选择“接口”选项卡,删除其中初始设置的所有接口,使用新增,按照页面中的说明依次添入之前在“网络-接口”界面中设置的WAN口,名称要保持一致,其中只需勾选“已启用”和将“互联网协议”与之前的接口设置保持一致,其他保持缺省即可。此页面最下面可看到之前在“一、设置路由器WAN口”时设置的网关跃点数值,如没有,需到前面设置。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 043531 屏幕截图 2022-10-22 043445

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  1. 成员

    在路由器“网络-MultiWAN管理器”中选择“成员”选项卡,对应每个WAN口添加成员,每个成员的跃点数和权重设置为“1”。

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  1. 策略

    在路由器“网络-MultiWAN管理器”中选择“策略”选项卡,按照其中的说明,策略是将一个或多个成员分组,控制mwan3如何分配流量。此处先给前面设置的每个成员都单独设置一条单一成员的规则,然后设置一条包括所有成员的负载均衡规则备用,以后可根据情况启用。

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  1. 规则

    在路由器“网络-MultiWAN管理器”中选择“规则”选项卡,说明中提到规则指定哪些流量将使用特定的mwan3策略。

    如果之前有为IPv6协议设置的WAN口(确定该口是接入IPv6流量的WAN口),则针对性的的设置一条IPv6流量的规则,“互联网协议”选择“仅IPv6”,“协议”选择“all”,“分配的策略”选择用于IPv6接口的那一条规则,其余项空置,意味之后所有IPv6流量只通过该WAN口。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 050744

针对前面的IPv4流量策略,设置两个或以上的WAN口规则,每条规则都对应之前的IPv4 WAN口策略,这几条规则将用于中国国内流量按运营商网段进行分流。“互联网协议”选择“仅IPv4”,“协议”选择“all”,“分配的策略”选择对应IPv4接口的那一条规则,其余项空置,但其中的“IP配置”暂时不选,留待脚本安装配置完后再填写。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 051241

单独设置一条用于国外IPv4流量的规则,该规则放在所有规则的最下面,当上面所有国内IPv4流量规则执行完后,剩下所有未匹配IPv4流量规则的流量即为去往国外的流量,此时可以根据需要选择一个上面已经使用过的WAN口走国外流量。“互联网协议”选择“仅IPv4”,“协议”选择“all”,“分配的策略”选择对应IPv4接口的某条WAN口规则,其余项空置。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 051841

负载均衡规则可根据需要添加。“互联网协议”选择“仅IPv4”,“协议”选择“all”,“分配的策略”选择之前包含全部WAN口成员的负载均衡规则,其余项空置,但其中的“IP配置”暂时不选。为避免该规则影响其他出口定向规则的分流,只能将其放在所有规则的最下面,也就是优先级最低。由于上一条国外流量规则会将之前所有未分流的IPv4流量悉数带走,所以这条负载均衡规则此处不起什么作用,除非前面的出口出现问题,此时倒是可以作为一种保障手段存在。

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需要记住的是,在规则页面,所有规则都可以上下移动,可很方便的改变相互间对网络流量的过滤匹配顺序,上面的执行优先级高于下面的条目。

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四、软件安装

  1. 下载本工具的软件压缩包“lzrules-[version ID].tgz”(例如:lzrules-v1.1.1.tgz)。

  2. 使用WinSCP等工具将压缩包上传至路由器的任意目录。

  3. 在SSH终端中使用解压缩命令在当前目录中将软件解压缩,生成lzrules-[version ID]目录(例如:lzrules-v1.1.1),进入其中可看到一个lzrules目录,此为脚本的工作目录。

        tar -xzvf lzrules-[version ID].tgz
  1. 将lzrules目录复制或剪切粘贴到路由器中希望放置本脚本的位置,则完成本软件的安装。

  2. 在lzrules目录中,lzrules.sh为本工具的可执行脚本,若发现无运行权限,请赋予相关属性。data目录中保存的是10个网络运营商IPv4目标网段的数据文件,不要手工修改或删除。

        /lzrules/lzrules.sh -- 主运行脚本
        /lzrules/data/  10个ISP运营商IPv4网段数据文件
                        chinatelecom_cidr.txt -- 中国电信
                        unicom_cnc_cidr.txt   -- 中国联通/网通
                        cmcc_cidr.txt         -- 中国移动
                        crtc_cidr.txt         -- 中国铁通
                        cernet_cidr.txt       -- 中国教育网
                        gwbn_cidr.txt         -- 长城宽带/鹏博士
                        othernet_cidr.txt     -- 中国大陆其他运营商
                        hk_cidr.txt           -- 香港地区运营商
                        mo_cidr.txt           -- 澳门地区运营商
                        tw_cidr.txt           -- 台湾地区运营商
                        custom_ipsets_lst.txt -- 用户自定义IPv4目标访问网址/网段数据集合列表文件
                        dname_ipsets_lst.txt  -- 用户自定义目标访问域名数据集合列表文件

五、软件设置

  1. 进入lzrules目录,使用文本工具打开lzrules.sh脚本文件,即可对脚本的工作参数进行配置,退出前注意保存。

    例如,可使用WinSCP,接入路由器后,在lzrules目录中双击lzrules.sh文件,即可进入文本编辑模式。当然,也可以使用vi命令在SSH终端界面编辑脚本参数。

  2. 打开脚本后先看一下前面的文字说明,然后在下面的“用户运行策略自定义区”内,即可根据说明,通过修改缺省参数的方式,对运营商目标网段流量进行出口设置。还可在此区域内设置和修改“定时更新ISP网络运营商CIDR网段数据时间参数定义”。

    脚本中的WAN口按照OpenWrt“网络-MultiWAN管理器-接口”配置界面里的IPv4协议接口设定顺序排列,出口参数从“0”~“7”对应第一至八WAN口,参数“8”指定访问该网段的流量以负载均衡分配出口,“9”为分流策略中不使用该网段的数据。

    脚本中的WAN口序列中不包括IPv6协议的接口,IPv6协议的流量出口在“MultiWAN管理器”中单独配置出口策略规则。

    脚本已涵盖中国地区所有运营商IPv4目标网段,在分配完所有国内流量后,剩下的就是国外流量,该部分流量出口直接在“MultiWAN管理器”中按照优先级顺序配置出口策略规则。

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该区域之后为脚本“全局变量”区域,无需用户变更其中的数据,高手除外,可以去随便修改程序,一般用户不建议这么做。当然,能够耍弄OpenWrt路由器固件的用户,都不会把自己当成一般用户,呵呵~~~

  1. 完成出口设定后,需在路由器“网络-MultiWAN管理器-规则”界面内,将WAN口的网段数据集合名称(如:ISPIP_SET_0)填入“MultiWAN管理器”内相应WAN口策略规则条目中的“IP配置”字段内(如对应第一WAN口的策略规则),形成绑定关系,最终通过OpenWrt内的mwan3软件完成多WAN口流量的策略路由。填写时,在下拉框中选择“自定义”,在输入框中书写完毕后按回车键,即可完成数据集合名称的输入。卸载脚本时,请在下拉框中选择“--请选择--”项,然后按页面中的“保存”,最后在“规则”界面中“保存并应用”,就可以解除该WAN口数据集合与相应规则的绑定关系。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 061252

脚本的主要作用就是为mwan3生成可供其多个WAN口通道选择使用的目标流量网段数据集合,从而实现更为复杂的业务策略。

WAN口的网段数据集合名称在“用户运行策略自定义区”结束前,以多个“WAN口国内网段数据集合名称”变量赋值等式的方式呈现,等号右边引号内即为相应WAN口的数据集合名称,此名称可以修改,但修改前一定要执行一次脚本的“卸载运行数据”命令,确保之前的数据在设备中被彻底清除,然后要及时修改mwan3策略条目中已绑定的数据集合名称。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 060726

“WAN口国内网段数据集合名称”中最后一个“ISPIP_SET_B”专用于运营是网段的多WAN口负载均衡,使用时填入多WAN口负载均衡规则条目的“IP配置”字段内。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 061804

  1. 如需在mwan3的WAN口流量策略规则设置中使用自定义IPv4目标访问网址/网段数据集合,可在脚本的“用户运行策略自定义区”里启用“用户自定义IPv4目标访问网址/网段数据集合列表文件(custom_ipsets_lst.txt)”功能,使用方法参照其中的使用说明。

  2. 如需在mwan3的WAN口流量策略规则设置中实现按所访问的域名分配流量出口的策略,可在脚本的“用户运行策略自定义区”里启用“用户自定义目标访问域名数据集合列表文件(dname_ipsets_lst.txt)”功能,使用方法参照其中的使用说明。

  3. 上述设置完成后,即可在脚本所在目录内执行脚本启动命令,为mwan3加载规则数据:

    脚本启动命令 (假设当前在lzrules目录)
        ./lzrules.sh

提示:修改脚本工作参数、系统网络端口配置、mwan3配置参数后,需重新启动脚本。

脚本启动过程中将会在SSH终端显示网段流量出口配置信息,各运营是网段数据条目数、各出口用于网段数据匹配过滤的条目数,各出口的网口IP地址,公网出口IP地址等信息,同时将信息传入系统日志中,会自动在系统计划任务中添加定时更新任务,并将脚本添加进系统启动项中。

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六、脚本运行命令

    脚本命令 (假设当前在lzrules目录)
        加载规则数据         ./lzrules.sh
        更新数据文件         ./lzrules.sh update
        卸载运行数据         ./lzrules.sh unload

七、软件卸载

  1. 首先执行脚本的“卸载运行数据”命令:
    脚本命令 (假设当前在lzrules目录)
        卸载运行数据         ./lzrules.sh unload

此命令执行后可将加载到系统启动项、计划任务,以及内存中的所有数据一次性卸载和清理干净。

屏幕截图 2022-10-22 065240

  1. 在路由器“网络-MultiWAN管理器-规则”界面内,按“编辑”进入绑定过脚本网段数据集合的规则条目页面,“IP配置”字段下拉框中内将脚本数据集合名称改为“--请选择--”项,然后点击“保存”,即可解除绑定。依次类推,解除所有绑定关系。

  2. 在路由器“网络-DHCP/DNS-IP集”选项卡界面内,逐条删除所有在脚本定义过的域名数据集合条目。

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  1. 删除lzrules目录,脚本软件至此全部清除,OpenWrt固件设置恢复原状。

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OpenWrt固件多WAN口策略路由分流工具 展开 收起
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