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Apache-2.0

spring-boot镜像分层构件

参考:https://spring.io/guides/topicals/spring-boot-docker

spring-boot的jar包拆分

可以直接使用docker构建

# syntax = docker/dockerfile:experimental
FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine as build
WORKDIR /workspace/app

COPY mvnw .
COPY .mvn .mvn
COPY pom.xml .
COPY src src

RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.m2 ./mvnw install -DskipTests
RUN mkdir -p target/dependency && (cd target/dependency; jar -xf ../*.jar)

FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
VOLUME /tmp
ARG DEPENDENCY=/workspace/app/target/dependency
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/lib /app/lib
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/META-INF /app/META-INF
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/classes /app
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-cp","app:app/lib/*","hello.Application"]

注意: 该方法使用buildKit特性(--mount=type=cache),在mac下尝试没成功,看的官方资料目前支持 linux,参考 Build images with BuildKit 运行方式为:DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build -t myorg/myapp .

后面改了一下dockerfile,采用本地打包的方式来操作:

FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine as build
WORKDIR /workspace/app

RUN mkdir -p target
COPY target/*.jar target
RUN mkdir -p target/dependency && (cd target/dependency; jar -xf ../*.jar)

FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
VOLUME /tmp
ARG DEPENDENCY=/workspace/app/target/dependency
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/lib /app/lib
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/META-INF /app/META-INF
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/classes /app
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-cp","app:app/lib/*","hello.Application"]

spring-boot-maven-plugin

执行命令:./mvnw spring-boot:build-image

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <image>
      <name>myorg.demo</name>
    </image>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

使用Cloud Native Buildpacks构建,可以使镜像有效地分层,还使用CF内存计算器根据运行时的可用容器资源在运行时调整JVM的大小

Jib

Jib 无需Docker守护程序即可为Java应用程序构建优化的Docker和OCI映像,可作为 Maven 和 Gradle 的插件以及Java库使用。

# id为容器仓库地址
<server>
  <id>registry.hub.docker.com</id>
  <username>myorg</username>
  <password>...</password>
</server>
  • 构建 构建到docker仓库:mvn compile jib:build 构建到docker daemon:mvn compile jib:dockerBuild 默认基础镜像:gcr.io/distroless/java:8(注意,该镜像没有bash,不能通过sh连接到容器中) debug镜像:gcr.io/distroless/java:debug(注意,可以通过/busybox/sh连接到容器中)

  • maven pom插件配置

            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.google.cloud.tools</groupId>
                <artifactId>jib-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!--基础镜像-->
<!-- <from><image>openjdk:8-jre-alpine</image></from>-->
                    <from><image>gcr.io/distroless/java:debug</image></from>
                    <to>
                        <image>jib/jib-simple-demo</image>
<!-- <auth>-->
<!-- <username>你的账户</username>-->
<!-- <password>你的密码</password>-->
<!-- </auth>-->
                    </to>
                    <!--用没配置安全认证的registry-->
                    <allowInsecureRegistries>true</allowInsecureRegistries>
                    <!-- 如果时packaged则打包成jar放到镜像,否则默认是exploded,会去找.class文件和资源文件 -->
<!-- <containerizingMode>packaged</containerizingMode>-->
                    <container>
                        <jvmFlags>
                            <jvmFlag>-Xms256m</jvmFlag>
                            <jvmFlag>-Xmx512m</jvmFlag>
                            <jvmFlag>-Xdebug</jvmFlag>
                            <jvmFlag>-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions</jvmFlag>
                            <jvmFlag>-XX:+UseCGroupMemoryLimitForHeap</jvmFlag>
                        </jvmFlags>
                        <mainClass>com.example.simpledemo.SimpleDemoApplication</mainClass>
                        <!--暴露端口-->
                        <ports>
                            <port>8080</port>
                        </ports>
                        <!--构建格式:OCI,Docker-->
                        <format>Docker</format>
                        <!--配置成INHERIT会继承父镜像的entrypoint,如果不配置会默认去找jvmFlags和mainClass配置-->
<!-- <entrypoint>-->
<!-- <arg>INHERIT</arg>-->
<!-- </entrypoint>-->
                        <!--配置容器内容放置根路径-->
<!-- <appRoot>/</appRoot>-->
                        <!--相当于docker的WORKDIR,配置后容器内部文件相互访问可以使用相对路径,该相对路径相对于WORKDIR-->
<!-- <workingDirectory>/</workingDirectory>-->
                        <!--使用该参数将镜像的创建时间与系统时间对其-->
<!-- <useCurrentTimestamp>true</useCurrentTimestamp>-->
                    </container>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
<!-- <phase>package</phase>-->
<!-- <goals>-->
<!-- <goal>build</goal>-->
<!-- <goal>dockerBuild</goal>-->
<!-- </goals>-->
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
  • 命令行的方式带入jvm参数
mvn compile jib:build \
    -Djib.allowInsecureRegistries=true \
    -Djib.to.image=registry.xxx.com/isc/isc-struct-data-linux:latest \
    -Djib.to.auth.username=xxx\
    -Djib.to.auth.password=xxx\
    -Djib.container.jvmFlags=-server,-Dspring.cloud.nacos.config.namespace=xxx,-Dspring.cloud.nacos.discovery.namespace=xxx,-Dspring.cloud.nacos.config.server-addr=10.0.0.1:8848,-Dspring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=10.0.0.1:8848

持续集成

Concourse: Jenkinsfile

resources:
- name: myapp
  type: git
  source:
    uri: https://github.com/myorg/myapp.git
- name: myapp-image
  type: docker-image
  source:
    email: {{docker-hub-email}}
    username: {{docker-hub-username}}
    password: {{docker-hub-password}}
    repository: myorg/myapp

jobs:
- name: main
  plan:
  - task: build
    file: myapp/src/main/ci/build.yml
  - put: myapp-image
    params:
      build: myapp复制

Jenkins: Jenkinsfile

node {
    checkout scm
    sh './mvnw -B -DskipTests clean package'
    docker.build("myorg/myapp").push()
}

Buildpacks

Spring Boot Maven和Gradle插件使用buildpack的方式与packCLI在以下示例中使用的方式完全相同。主要区别在于,插件用于docker运行构建,pack而不需要。给定相同的输入,结果图像相同。 pack命令示例

pack build myorg/myapp --builder=cloudfoundry/cnb:bionic --path=.

Knative

参考:Knative 简介 knative 是谷歌开源的 serverless 架构方案,旨在提供一套简单易用的 serverless 方案,把 serverless 标准化。目前参与的公司主要是 Google、Pivotal、IBM、Red Hat,2018年7月24日才刚刚对外发布,当前还处于快速发展的阶段。 knative 是建立在 kubernetes 和 istio 平台之上的,使用 kubernetes 提供的容器管理能力(deployment、replicaset、和 pods等),以及 istio 提供的网络管理功能(ingress、LB、dynamic route等)。 knative 把整个系统分成了三个部分: Build:构建系统,把用户定义的函数和应用 build 成容器镜像 Serving:服务系统,用来配置应用的路由、升级策略、自动扩缩容等功能 Eventing:事件系统,用来自动完成事件的绑定和触发

安全问题

不使用jdk,使用jre 限制他们的功能(最小特权原则)

# 限制他们的功能(最小特权原则)
RUN addgroup -S demo && adduser -S demo -G demo
USER demo
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spring-boot 镜像分层架构 展开 收起
Java
Apache-2.0
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