# 新式类和经典类
    # py2 继承object就是新式类
    #     默认是经典类
    # py3 都是新式类，默认继承object
    # 新式类
        # 继承object
        # 支持super
        # 多继承 广度优先C3算法
        # mro方法
    # 经典类
        # py2中不继承object
        # 没有super语法
        # 多继承 深度优先
        # 没有mro方法

1.编码
python2默认编码方式ASCII码（不能识别中文，要在文件头部加上  #-*- encoding：utf-8 -*-  指定编码方式）

python3默认编码方式unicode（可识别中文）
 2.print
python2中加不加括号都可以打印

python3中必须加括号
3.input
python2 raw_input()
python3 input()
 4.range()
python2 range()/xrange()
python3 range()
循环：
- py2: xrange 执行循环时输出
- py3: range 执行时输出
5.类
python3中都是新式类
python2.7中经典类和新式类混合
新式类中使用广度优先，经典类中使用深度优先
python3可以使用super
python2不能使用super
6.int
py2：int有限定长度，超过限定自动变成long型 
py3：没有long都是int
长度：
- py2中有：int/long
- py3中有：int 
7.整除
py2和py3中整除是不一样
模块和包
字典

- keys
  - py2:列表
  - py3:迭代器，可以循环单不可以索引
- values
  - py2:列表
  - py3:迭代器，可以循环单不可以索引
- values
  - py2:列表
  - py3:迭代器，可以循环单不可以索引
- map/filter
  - py2:返回列表
  - py3:返回迭代器，可以循环单不可以索引

如果想要修改默认编码，则可以使用：

python2中默认不支持中文需添加以下
#！/user/bin/env python 在Linux中指定解释器的路径
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 
运行：需要解释器、路径。
注意：对于操作文件时，要按照：以什么编写写入，就要用什么编码去打开。

v = 1 or 2 
v = 0 or 2 
v = 1 and 2 
v = 0 and 2 

obj = open('路径',mode='模式',encoding='编码')
obj.write()
obj.read()
obj.close()

v = open('a.txt',mode='a',encoding='utf-8')

v.close()

with open('a.txt',mode='a',encoding='utf-8') as v:
    data = v.read()
	# 缩进中的代码执行完毕后，自动关闭文件

with open('a.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f1:
    data = f1.read()
new_data = data.replace('飞洒','666')

with open('a.txt',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f1:
    data = f1.write(new_data)

f1 = open('a.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8')
f2 = open('b.txt',mode='w',encoding='utf-8')

for line in f1:
    new_line = line.replace('阿斯','死啊')
    f2.write(new_line)
f1.close()
f2.close()

with open('a.txt',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f1, open('c.txt',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f2:
    for line in f1:
        new_line = line.replace('阿斯', '死啊')
        f2.write(new_line)

v =  前面  if 条件 else 后面 

if 条件：
	v = '前面'
else:
    v = '后面'

# 让用户输入值，如果值是整数，则转换成整数，否则赋值为None

data = input('>>>')
value =  int(data) if data.isdecimal() else None 

#面向过程编程
user_input = input('请输入角色：')

if user_input == '管理员':
    import smtplib
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.utils import formataddr

    msg = MIMEText('管理员，我想演男一号，你想怎么着都行。', 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["李邵奇", '15776556369@163.com'])
    msg['To'] = formataddr(["管理员", '344522251@qq.com'])
    msg['Subject'] = "情爱的导演"

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com", 25)
    server.login("15776556369@163.com", "qq1105400511")
    server.sendmail('15776556369@163.com', ['管理员', ], msg.as_string())
    server.quit()
elif user_input == '业务员':
    import smtplib
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.utils import formataddr

    msg = MIMEText('业务员，我想演男一号，你想怎么着都行。', 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["李邵奇", '15776556369@163.com'])
    msg['To'] = formataddr(["业务员", '业务员'])
    msg['Subject'] = "情爱的导演"

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com", 25)
    server.login("15776556369@163.com", "qq1105400511")
    server.sendmail('15776556369@163.com', ['业务员', ], msg.as_string())
    server.quit()
elif user_input == '老板':
    import smtplib
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.utils import formataddr

    msg = MIMEText('老板，我想演男一号，你想怎么着都行。', 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["李邵奇", '15776556369@163.com'])
    msg['To'] = formataddr(["老板", '老板邮箱'])
    msg['Subject'] = "情爱的导演"

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com", 25)
    server.login("15776556369@163.com", "qq1105400511")
    server.sendmail('15776556369@163.com', ['老板邮箱', ], msg.as_string())
    server.quit()

#函数式编程
def send_email():
	import smtplib
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.utils import formataddr

    msg = MIMEText('老板，我想演男一号，你想怎么着都行。', 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["李邵奇", '15776556369@163.com'])
    msg['To'] = formataddr(["老板", '老板邮箱'])
    msg['Subject'] = "情爱的导演"

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com", 25)
    server.login("15776556369@163.com", "qq1105400511")
    server.sendmail('15776556369@163.com', ['老板邮箱', ], msg.as_string())
    server.quit()


user_input = input('请输入角色：')

if user_input == '管理员':
    send_email()
elif user_input == '业务员':
    send_email()
elif user_input == '老板':
    send_email()

# 函数的定义
def 函数名():
    # 函数内容
    pass

# 函数的执行
函数名()

def get_list_first_data():
    v = [11,22,33,44]
    print(v[0])


get_list_first_data()

# 注意：函数如果不被调用，则内部代码永远不会被执行。

# 假如：管理员/业务员/老板用的是同一个邮箱。
def send_email():
	print('发送邮件成功，假设有10含代码')


user_input = input('请输入角色：')

if user_input == '管理员':
    send_email()
elif user_input == '业务员':
    send_email()
elif user_input == '老板':
    send_email()

def func():
    name = 'oldboy'
    def inner():
        print(name)
    name = 'alex'
    inner()
	print(name)
func()

def func():
    print(123)
    
v1 = func 

func()
v1（）

def func():
    print(123)
    
func_list = [func, func, func]
# func_list[0]()
# func_list[1]()
# func_list[2]()
for item in func_list:
    v = item()
    print(v)

def func():
    print(123)

def bar():
    print(666)

info = {'k1': func, 'k2': bar}

info['k1']() #等价于func（）  
info['k2']() #等价于bar（）  

def func():
    return 123

func_list1 = [func,func,func]
func_list2 = [func(),func(),func()]

print(func_list1)
print(func_list2)

info = {
    'k1':func,
    'k2':func(),
}

print(info)

def func(arg):
    print(arg)
    
func(1)
func([1,2,3,4])

def show():
    return 999
func(show)

def func(arg):
    v1 = arg()
    print(v1)
    
def show():
    print(666)
    
func(show)

def func(arg):
    v1 = arg()
    print(v1)
    
def show():
    print(666)
    
result = func(show)
print(result)

def func():
    print('花费查询')
def bar():
    print('语音沟通')
def base():
    print('xxx')
def show():
    print('xxx')
def test():
    print('xxx')
info = {'f1': func, 'f2': bar,'f3':base,'f4':show,'f5':test}
choice = input('请选择要选择功能：')
function_name = info.get(choice)
if function_name:
    function_name()
else:
    print('输入错误')

#如果要给value设置默认是空列表
#不推荐（坑）
def func(data,value=[])
	pass	
#推荐
def func(data,value=None)
	if not value:
        value = []

def func(data,value=[])
	value.append(data)
    return value
v1 = func(1)#先打印v1时此时为[1,]，
v2 = func(2,[11,22])#[11,22,2]
v3 = func(3)#[1,3]
#此处打印时v1 v3 都为[1,3]

def func():
    print(123)
def bar():
    return func
v = bar() 
v()

name = 'oldboy'
def func():
    print(name)
    
def bar():
    return func

v = bar()

v()

def bar():
    def inner():
        print(123)
    return inner
v = bar()
v()

name = 'oldboy'
def bar():
    name = 'alex'
    def inner():
        print(name)
    return inner
v = bar()
v()

name = 'oldboy'
def bar(name):
    def inner():
        print(name)
    return inner
v1 = bar('alex') # { name=alex, inner }  # 闭包，为函数创建一块区域（内部变量供自己使用），为他以后执行提供数据。
v2 = bar('eric') # { name=eric, inner }
v1()
v2()

# 第一题
name = 'alex'
def base():
    print(name)

def func():
 	name = 'eric'
    base()

func() # {name=alex, }
    

# 第二题
name = 'alex'

def func():
 	name = 'eric'
    def base():
    	print(name)
    base()
func() # eric 

# 第三题
name = 'alex'

def func():
 	name = 'eric'
    def base():
    	print(name)
    return base 
base = func()
base() # eric

info = []

def func():
    print(item)
    
for item in range(10):
    info.append(func)

info[0]()

info = []

def func(i):
    def inner():
        print(i)
	return inner

for item in range(10):
    info.append(func(item))

info[0]()
info[1]()
info[4]()

def func(name):
    def inner():
        print(name)
	return inner 

v1 = func('alex')
v1() # alex
v2 = func('eric')
v2() #eric

def func(a1,a2,a3):
    print(a1,a2,a3)
    
func(1,"asdf",True)

def get_list_first_data(aaa): # aaa叫形式参数(形参)
    v = [11,22,33,44]
    print(v[aaa])


get_list_first_data(1) # 2/2/1调用函数时传递叫：实际参数（实参）
get_list_first_data(2)
get_list_first_data(3)
get_list_first_data(0)

# 假如：管理员/业务员/老板用的是同一个邮箱。
"""
def send_email(to):
	import smtplib
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.utils import formataddr

    msg = MIMEText('导演，我想演男一号，你想怎么着都行。', 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["李邵奇", '15776556369@163.com'])
    msg['To'] = formataddr(["导演", to])
    msg['Subject'] = "情爱的导演"

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com", 25)
    server.login("15776556369@163.com", "qq1105400511")
    server.sendmail('15776556369@163.com', [to, ], msg.as_string())
    server.quit()
"""
def send_email(to):
    template = "要给%s发送邮件" %(to,)
    print(template)
 


user_input = input('请输入角色：')

if user_input == '管理员':
    send_email('xxxx@qq.com')
elif user_input == '业务员':
    send_email('xxxxo@qq.com')
elif user_input == '老板':
    send_email('xoxox@qq.com')

def func(a1,a2):
    print(a1,a2)
    
func(1,3)

def func(a1, a2):
    print(a1, a2)

func(a2=99,a1=2)

# 关键字传参数和位置传参可以混合使用（位置传入的参数 > 关键字参数在后 = 总参数个数）
def func1(a1, a2, a3):
    print(a1, a2, a3)

# func(1, 2, a3=9)
# func(1, a2=2, a3=9)
# func(a1=1, a2=2, a3=9)
# func(a1=1, 2,3) # 错误

def func(a1,a2,a3=9,a4=10):
    print(a1,a2,a3,a4)

func(11,22)
func(11,22,10)
func(11,22,10,100)
func(11,22,10,a4=100)
func(11,22,a3=10,a4=100)
func(11,a2=22,a3=10,a4=100)
func(a1=11,a2=22,a3=10,a4=100)

x = 10 
def func():
    x = 9
    print(x)
func()

# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 9
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         x = 999
#         print(x)
#
# func()#9



# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 9
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         x = 999
#         print(x)
#     x1()
#
# func()#9 999


# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 9
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         x = 999
#         print(x)
#     print(x)
#     x1()
# func()#9 9 999

# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 8
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         x = 999
#         print(x)
#     x1()
#     print(x)
# func()    #8 999 8


# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 8
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         print(x)
#     x1()
#     print(x)
# func() #8 8 8



# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 8
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         print(x)
#     x = 9
#     x1()
#     x = 10
#     print(x)
# func()#8 9 10

#
# x = 10
# def func():
#     x = 8
#     print(x)
#     def x1():
#         print(x)
#     x1()
#     x = 9
#     x1()
#     x = 10
#     print(x)
# func() #8 8 9 10

# 1. 请写一个函数，函数计算列表 info = [11,22,33,44,55] 中所有元素的和。

def get_sum():
    info = [11,22,33,44,55]
    data = 0
    for item in info:
        data += item
    print(data)

get_sum()

# 2. 请写一个函数，函数计算列表中所有元素的和。

def get_list_sum(a1):
   	data = 0
    for item in a1:
        data += item
   	print(data)
    
get_list_sum([11,22,33])
get_list_sum([99,77,66])
v1 = [8712,123,123]
get_list_sum(v1)

# 3. 请写一个函数，函数将两个列表拼接起来。
def join_list(a1,a2):
    result = []
    result.extend(a1)
    result.extend(a2)
    print(result)
    
join_list([11,22,33],[55,66,77]

# 4. 计算一个列表的长度
def my_len(arg):
	count = 0
	for item in arg:
          count += 1
	print(count)

v = [11,22,33]
my_len(v)
len(v)

# 5. 发邮件的示例
          
def send_email(role,to):
    template = "要给%s%s发送邮件" %(role,to,)
    print(template)
 

user_input = input('请输入角色：')

if user_input == '管理员':
    send_email('管理员','xxxx@qq.com')
elif user_input == '业务员':
    send_email('业务员','xxxxo@qq.com')
elif user_input == '老板':
    send_email('老板','xoxox@qq.com')

def func(arg):
    # ....
    return 9 # 返回值为9 默认：return None

val = func('adsfadsf')

# 1. 让用户输入一段字符串，计算字符串中有多少A字符的个数。有多少个就在文件a.txt中写多少个“李邵奇”。

def get_char_count(data):
    sum_counter = 0
    for i in data:
        if i == 'A':
            sum_counter += 1
            
	return sum_counter

def write_file(line):
    if len(line) == 0:
        return False  # 函数执行过程中，一旦遇到return，则停止函数的执行。
    with open('a.txt',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write(line)
	return True 


content = input('请输入:')
counter = get_char_count(content)
write_data = "李邵奇" * counter 
status = write_file(write_data)
if status:
    print('写入成功')
else:
    print('写入失败')

def func(name):
    def inner():
        print(name)
        return 123
    return inner 

v1 = func('alex')
v2 = func('eric')

v1()
v2()

#不是闭包
def func(name):
    def inner():
        return 123
    return inner
#是闭包：封装值+内层函数需要使用
def func2(name):
    def inner():
        print(name)
        return 123
    return inner

        

# 情况1
def f1():
    pass 
f1()

# 情况2
def f2(a1):
    pass 
f2(123)

# 情况3
def f3():
    return 1 
v1 = f3()

# 情况4
def f4(a1,a2):
    # ... 
    return 999
v2 = f4(1,7)

# 1. 写函数，计算一个列表中有多少个数字，打印： 列表中有%s个数字。
#    提示：type('x') == int 判断是否是数字。
"""
# 方式一：
def get_list_counter1(data_list):
    count = 0
    for item in data_list:
        if type(item) == int:
            count += 1
	msg = "列表中有%s个数字" %(count,)
    print(msg)
    
get_list_counter1([1,22,3,'alex',8])

# 方式二：
def get_list_counter2(data_list):
    count = 0
    for item in data_list:
        if type(item) == int:
            count += 1
	return count
    
v = get_list_counter1([1,22,3,'alex',8])
msg = "列表中有%s个数字" %(v,)
print(msg)
"""

# 2. 写函数，计算一个列表中偶数索引位置的数据构造成另外一个列表，并返回。
"""
# 方式一：
def get_data_list1(arg):
    v = arg[::2]
    return v

data = get_data_list1([11,22,33,44,55,66])

# 方式二：
def get_data_list2(arg):
    v = []
    for i in range(0,len(arg)):
    	if i % 2 == 0:
    		v.append(arg[i])
   	return v

data = get_data_list2([11,22,33,44,55,66])

"""

# 3. 读取文件，将文件的内容构造成指定格式的数据，并返回。
"""
a.log文件
    alex|123|18
    eric|uiuf|19
    ...
目标结构：
a.  ["alex|123|18","eric|uiuf|19"] 并返回。
b. [['alex','123','18'],['eric','uiuf','19']]
c. [
	{'name':'alex','pwd':'123','age':'18'},
	{'name':'eric','pwd':'uiuf','age':'19'},
]
"""

USER_LIST = [1,2,3]
def func():
    name = 'alex'
    USER_LIST.append(12)
    USER_list.append(name)
func()
print(USER_LIST)

#三元运算，为了解决简单的if else的情况，如：
if a == b:
    a = 135
else:
    a = 0
a 135 if a ==b else 0
# lambda表达式，为了解决简单函数情况，如：
def func(a1,a2):
    return a1 + 100
func = lambda a1,a2: a1+100

func1 = lambda : 100
func2 = lambda x1: x1*10
func3 = lambda *args,**kwargs: len(args)+len(kwargs)
DATA = 100
func4 = lambda a1: a1 +DATA
v = func4(1)
print(v)
DATA = 100
def func():
    DATA = 666
    func4 = lambda a1: a1 +DATA
    v = func4(1)
    print(v)
func()
func5 = lambda n1,n2: n1 if n1 > n2 else n2
v = func(111,6)
print(v)

#练习题1
USER_LIST = []
def func(x):
    v = USER_LIST.append(x)
    return v  #None
result = func('alex')
print(result)
#练习题2
def func0(x):
    v = x.strip()
    return v 

result = func0(' alex ')
print(result)  #alex
#练习题3
USER_LIST = []
func1 = lambda x: USER_LIST.append(x)

v1 = func1('alex')
print(v1) #None
print(USER_LIST) #['alex']
#练习题4
func1 = lambda x: x.split('l')

v1 = func1('alex')
print(v1) #['a','ex']
#练习题5
func_list = [lambda x:x.strip(), lambda y:y+199,lambda x,y:x+y]

v1 = func_list[0]('alex ')
print(v1) #alex

v2 = func_list[1](100)
print(v2) #299

v3 = func_list[2](1,2)
print(v3) #3

v1 = [11,22,33,44]
result = map(lambda x:x+100,v1)
print(list(result)) #py3需加list  py2不需要

v = [1,2,3,4,'df',34,'kjh']
第一种
def func(x):
    if type(x) == int:
        return True
    return False
result = fliter(func,v)
print(list(result))
第二种
result = filter(lambda x:True if type(x) == int else False,v)
print(list(result))
第三种
result = filter(lambda x:type(x) == int,v)
print(list(result))  #x必须传

import functools
v = ['wo','shi','chuanqi']
第一种
def func(x,y):
    return x+y
result = functools.reduce(func,v)
print(result)
第二种
result = functools.reduce(lambda.x,y:x+y,v)
print(result) #woshichuanqi 数字可以加减乘除

# 1字节等于8位
# IP: 192.168.12.79  ->  001010010 . 001010010 . 001010010 . 001010010

# 1. 请将 ip = "192.168.12.79" 中的每个十进制数转换成二进制并通过,连接起来生成一个新的字符串。
ip = "192.168.12.79"
ip_list = ip.split('.') # ['192','168','12','79']
result = []
for item in ip_list:
    result.append(bin(int(item)))
print(','.join(result))


# 2. 请将 ip = "192.168.12.79" 中的每个十进制数转换成二进制: 
#          0010100100001010010001010010001010010 -> 十进制的值。
ip = '192.168.7.13'
print(int(''.join([data[2:].rjust(8,'0') if data[2:]!=8 else data[2:] for data in [bin(int(item)) for item in ip.split('.')]]),base=2))
#

def func():
    pass
v = [lambda x:x+10]

def func():
    print(1)
    func()
func()

def func(i):
    print(i)
    func(i+1)
    return
func(1)

def func(a,b):
    print(b)
    func(b,a+b)
    
v = func(0,1)

def func(a):
    if a == 5:
        return 100000
    result = func(a+1) + 10
    return result

v = func(1)
print(v)

def 外层函数（参数）:
    def 内层参数(*args,**kwargs):
        return 参数(*args,**kwargs)
    return 内层函数

@外层函数
def index():
    pass
index()

def x(func):
    def inner(*args,**kwargs):
        return func(*args,**kwargs)
    return inner
@x
def index(a1):
    pass

def x(func):
    def inner(a1,a2):
        return func(a1,a2)
    return inner 

@x
def index(a1,a2):
	pass

# index = inner
index(1,2)

# ################################### 参数统一的目的是为了给原来的index函数传参
def x(func):
    def inner(a1,a2):
        return func()
    return inner 

@x
def index():
	pass
# func = 原来的index函数u
# index = inner
index(1,2)

#计算函数执行时间
import time
def wrapper(func):
    def inner():
        start_time =time.time()
        v = func()
        end_time = time.time()
        print(end_time-start_time)
        return v
    return inner
@wrapper
def func1():
    time.sleep(2)
    print('123')
@wrapper
def func2():
    time.sleep(1)
    print('1234')
def func3():
    for i in range(10)
    print('12345')
func1()