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README
Apache-2.0

xmake

A cross-platform build utility based on Lua
Modern C/C++ build tools, Simple, Fast, Powerful dependency package integration

项目支持

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技术支持

你也可以考虑通过 Github 的赞助计划 赞助我们来获取额外的技术支持服务,然后你就能获取 xmake-io/technical-support 仓库的访问权限,获取更多技术咨询相关的信息。

  • 更高优先级的 Issues 问题处理
  • 一对一技术咨询服务
  • Review xmake.lua 并提供改进建议

简介

Xmake 是一个基于 Lua 的轻量级跨平台构建工具。

它非常的轻量,没有任何依赖,因为它内置了 Lua 运行时。

它使用 xmake.lua 维护项目构建,相比 makefile/CMakeLists.txt,配置语法更加简洁直观,对新手非常友好,短时间内就能快速入门,能够让用户把更多的精力集中在实际的项目开发上。

我们能够使用它像 Make/Ninja 那样可以直接编译项目,也可以像 CMake/Meson 那样生成工程文件,另外它还有内置的包管理系统来帮助用户解决 C/C++ 依赖库的集成使用问题。

目前,Xmake 主要用于 C/C++ 项目的构建,但是同时也支持其他 native 语言的构建,可以实现跟 C/C++ 进行混合编译,同时编译速度也是非常的快,可以跟 Ninja 持平。

Xmake = Build backend + Project Generator + Package Manager + [Remote|Distributed] Build + Cache

尽管不是很准确,但我们还是可以把 Xmake 按下面的方式来理解:

Xmake ≈ Make/Ninja + CMake/Meson + Vcpkg/Conan + distcc + ccache/sccache

如果你想要了解更多,请参考:在线文档, Github以及Gitee,同时也欢迎加入我们的 社区.

课程

xmake 官方也推出了一些入门课程,带你一步步快速上手 xmake,课程列表如下:

安装

使用curl

curl -fsSL https://xmake.io/shget.text | bash

使用wget

wget https://xmake.io/shget.text -O - | bash

使用powershell

Invoke-Expression (Invoke-Webrequest 'https://xmake.io/psget.text' -UseBasicParsing).Content

其他安装方式

如果不想使用脚本安装,也可以点击查看 安装文档,了解其他安装方法。

简单的工程描述

target("hello")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.cpp")

包依赖描述

add_requires("tbox 1.6.*", "zlib", "libpng ~1.6")

官方的xmake包管理仓库: xmake-repo

命令行使用

创建工程

$ xmake create hello
$ cd hello

构建工程

$ xmake

运行目标

$ xmake run console

调试程序

$ xmake run -d console

运行测试

$ xmake test

配置平台

$ xmake f -p [windows|linux|macosx|android|iphoneos ..] -a [x86|arm64 ..] -m [debug|release]
$ xmake

图形化菜单配置

$ xmake f --menu

跟ninja一样快的构建速度

测试工程: xmake-core

多任务并行编译测试

构建系统 Termux (8core/-j12) 构建系统 MacOS (8core/-j12)
xmake 24.890s xmake 12.264s
ninja 25.682s ninja 11.327s
cmake(gen+make) 5.416s+28.473s cmake(gen+make) 1.203s+14.030s
cmake(gen+ninja) 4.458s+24.842s cmake(gen+ninja) 0.988s+11.644s

单任务编译测试

构建系统 Termux (-j1) 构建系统 MacOS (-j1)
xmake 1m57.707s xmake 39.937s
ninja 1m52.845s ninja 38.995s
cmake(gen+make) 5.416s+2m10.539s cmake(gen+make) 1.203s+41.737s
cmake(gen+ninja) 4.458s+1m54.868s cmake(gen+ninja) 0.988s+38.022s

包依赖管理

架构和流程

支持的包管理仓库

  • 官方自建仓库 xmake-repo (tbox >1.6.1)
  • 官方包管理器 Xrepo
  • 用户自建仓库
  • Conan (conan::openssl/1.1.1g)
  • Conda (conda::libpng 1.3.67)
  • Vcpkg (vcpkg::ffmpeg)
  • Homebrew/Linuxbrew (brew::pcre2/libpcre2-8)
  • Pacman on archlinux/msys2 (pacman::libcurl)
  • Apt on ubuntu/debian (apt::zlib1g-dev)
  • Clib (clib::clibs/bytes@0.0.4)
  • Dub (dub::log 0.4.3)
  • Portage on Gentoo/Linux (portage::libhandy)
  • Nimble for nimlang (nimble::zip >1.3)
  • Cargo for rust (cargo::base64 0.13.0)

包管理特性

  • 官方仓库提供近 800+ 常用包,真正做到全平台一键下载集成编译
  • 全平台包支持,支持交叉编译的依赖包集成
  • 支持包虚拟环境管理和加载,xrepo env shell
  • Windows 云端预编译包加速
  • 支持自建包仓库,私有仓库部署
  • 第三方包仓库支持,提供更加丰富的包源,例如:vcpkg, conan, conda 等等
  • 支持自动拉取使用云端工具链
  • 支持包依赖锁定

支持平台

  • Windows (x86, x64, arm64)
  • macOS (i386, x86_64, arm64)
  • Linux (i386, x86_64, cross-toolchains ..)
  • *BSD (i386, x86_64)
  • Android (x86, x86_64, armeabi, armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a)
  • iOS (armv7, armv7s, arm64, i386, x86_64)
  • WatchOS (armv7k, i386)
  • AppleTVOS (armv7, arm64, i386, x86_64)
  • AppleXROS (arm64, x86_64)
  • MSYS (i386, x86_64)
  • MinGW (i386, x86_64, arm, arm64)
  • Cygwin (i386, x86_64)
  • Wasm (wasm32, wasm64)
  • Haiku (i386, x86_64)
  • Cross (cross-toolchains ..)

支持工具链

$ xmake show -l toolchains
xcode         Xcode IDE
msvc          Microsoft Visual C/C++ Compiler
clang-cl      LLVM Clang C/C++ Compiler compatible with msvc
yasm          The Yasm Modular Assembler
clang         A C language family frontend for LLVM
go            Go Programming Language Compiler
dlang         D Programming Language Compiler (Auto)
dmd           D Programming Language Compiler
ldc           The LLVM-based D Compiler
gdc           The GNU D Compiler (GDC)
gfortran      GNU Fortran Programming Language Compiler
zig           Zig Programming Language Compiler
sdcc          Small Device C Compiler
cuda          CUDA Toolkit (nvcc, nvc, nvc++, nvfortran)
ndk           Android NDK
rust          Rust Programming Language Compiler
swift         Swift Programming Language Compiler
llvm          A collection of modular and reusable compiler and toolchain technologies
cross         Common cross compilation toolchain
nasm          NASM Assembler
gcc           GNU Compiler Collection
mingw         Minimalist GNU for Windows
gnu-rm        GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain
envs          Environment variables toolchain
fasm          Flat Assembler
tinycc        Tiny C Compiler
emcc          A toolchain for compiling to asm.js and WebAssembly
icc           Intel C/C++ Compiler
ifort         Intel Fortran Compiler
muslcc        The musl-based cross-compilation toolchain
fpc           Free Pascal Programming Language Compiler
wasi          WASI-enabled WebAssembly C/C++ toolchain
nim           Nim Programming Language Compiler
circle        A new C++20 compiler
armcc         ARM Compiler Version 5 of Keil MDK
armclang      ARM Compiler Version 6 of Keil MDK
c51           Keil development tools for the 8051 Microcontroller Architecture
icx           Intel LLVM C/C++ Compiler
dpcpp         Intel LLVM C++ Compiler for data parallel programming model based on Khronos SYCL
masm32        The MASM32 SDK
iverilog      Icarus Verilog
verilator     Verilator open-source SystemVerilog simulator and lint system
cosmocc       build-once run-anywhere

支持语言

  • C/C++
  • Objc/Objc++
  • Swift
  • Assembly
  • Golang
  • Rust
  • Dlang
  • Fortran
  • Cuda
  • Zig
  • Vala
  • Pascal
  • Nim
  • Verilog
  • FASM
  • NASM
  • YASM
  • MASM32
  • Cppfront

支持特性

  • 语法简单易上手
  • 快速安装,无任何依赖
  • 全平台一键编译
  • 支持交叉编译,智能分析交叉工具链信息
  • 极速,多任务并行编译支持
  • C++20 Module 支持
  • 支持跨平台的 C/C++ 依赖包快速集成,内置包管理器
  • 多语言混合编译支持
  • 丰富的插件支持,提供各种工程生成器,例如:vs/makefile/cmakelists/compile_commands 生成插件
  • REPL 交互式执行支持
  • 增量编译支持,头文件依赖自动分析
  • 工具链的快速切换、定制化支持
  • 丰富的扩展模块支持
  • 远程编译支持
  • 分布式编译支持
  • 内置的本地和远程编译缓存支持

工程类型

  • 静态库程序
  • 动态库类型
  • 控制台程序
  • Cuda 程序
  • Qt 应用程序
  • WDK Windows 驱动程序
  • WinSDK 应用程序
  • MFC 应用程序
  • iOS/MacOS 应用程序(支持.metal)
  • Framework和Bundle程序(iOS/MacOS)
  • SWIG/Pybind11 模块 (Lua, python, ...)
  • Luarocks 模块
  • Protobuf 程序
  • Lex/yacc 程序
  • C++20 模块
  • Linux 内核驱动模块
  • Keil MDK/C51 嵌入式程序
  • Verilog 仿真程序

分布式编译和缓存

  • 跨平台支持
  • 支持 msvc, clang, gcc 和交叉编译工具链
  • 支持构建 android, ios, linux, win, macOS 程序
  • 除了编译工具链,无任何其他依赖
  • 支持编译服务器负载均衡调度
  • 支持大文件实时压缩传输 (lz4)
  • 几乎零配置成本,无需共享文件系统,更加方便和安全

关于分布式编译和缓存,可以见下面的文档。

远程编译

更多详情见:远程编译

更多例子

Debug 和 Release 模式

add_rules("mode.debug", "mode.release")

target("console")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.c")
    if is_mode("debug") then
        add_defines("DEBUG")
    end

自定义脚本

target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.c")
    after_build(function (target)
        print("hello: %s", target:name())
        os.exec("echo %s", target:targetfile())
    end)

依赖包自动集成

下载和使用在 xmake-repo 和第三方包仓库的依赖包:

add_requires("tbox >1.6.1", "libuv master", "vcpkg::ffmpeg", "brew::pcre2/libpcre2-8")
add_requires("conan::openssl/1.1.1g", {alias = "openssl", optional = true, debug = true})
target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.c")
    add_packages("tbox", "libuv", "vcpkg::ffmpeg", "brew::pcre2/libpcre2-8", "openssl")

另外,我们也可以使用 xrepo 命令来快速安装依赖包。

Qt QuickApp 应用程序

target("test")
    add_rules("qt.quickapp")
    add_files("src/*.cpp")
    add_files("src/qml.qrc")

Cuda 程序

target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.cu")
    add_cugencodes("native")
    add_cugencodes("compute_35")

WDK/UMDF 驱动程序

target("echo")
    add_rules("wdk.driver", "wdk.env.umdf")
    add_files("driver/*.c")
    add_files("driver/*.inx")
    add_includedirs("exe")

target("app")
    add_rules("wdk.binary", "wdk.env.umdf")
    add_files("exe/*.cpp")

更多WDK驱动程序例子(umdf/kmdf/wdm),见:WDK工程例子

iOS/MacOS 应用程序

target("test")
    add_rules("xcode.application")
    add_files("src/*.m", "src/**.storyboard", "src/*.xcassets")
    add_files("src/Info.plist")

Framework 和 Bundle 程序(iOS/MacOS)

target("test")
    add_rules("xcode.framework") -- 或者 xcode.bundle
    add_files("src/*.m")
    add_files("src/Info.plist")

OpenMP 程序

add_requires("libomp", {optional = true})
target("loop")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.cpp")
    add_rules("c++.openmp")
    add_packages("libomp")

Zig 程序

target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/main.zig")

自动拉取远程工具链

拉取指定版本的 llvm 工具链

我们使用 llvm-10 中的 clang 来编译项目。

add_requires("llvm 10.x", {alias = "llvm-10"})
target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.c)
    set_toolchains("llvm@llvm-10")

拉取交叉编译工具链

我们也可以拉取指定的交叉编译工具链来编译项目。

add_requires("muslcc")
target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.c)
    set_toolchains("@muslcc")

拉取工具链并且集成对应工具链编译的依赖包

我们也可以使用指定的muslcc交叉编译工具链去编译和集成所有的依赖包。

add_requires("muslcc")
add_requires("zlib", "libogg", {system = false})

set_toolchains("@muslcc")

target("test")
    set_kind("binary")
    add_files("src/*.c")
    add_packages("zlib", "libogg")

插件

生成IDE工程文件插件(makefile, vs2002 - vs2022, ...)

$ xmake project -k vsxmake -m "debug,release" # 新版vs工程生成插件(推荐)
$ xmake project -k vs -m "debug,release"
$ xmake project -k cmake
$ xmake project -k ninja
$ xmake project -k compile_commands

加载自定义lua脚本插件

$ xmake l ./test.lua
$ xmake l -c "print('hello xmake!')"
$ xmake l lib.detect.find_tool gcc
$ xmake l
> print("hello xmake!")
> {1, 2, 3}
< {
    1,
    2,
    3
  }

更多内置插件见相关文档:内置插件文档

其他扩展插件,请到插件仓库进行下载安装: xmake-plugins.

IDE和编辑器插件

XMake Gradle插件 (JNI)

我们也可以在Gradle中使用xmake-gradle插件来集成编译JNI库

plugins {
  id 'org.tboox.gradle-xmake-plugin' version '1.1.5'
}

android {
    externalNativeBuild {
        xmake {
            path "jni/xmake.lua"
        }
    }
}

gradle-xmake-plugin插件被应用生效后,xmakeBuild任务会自动注入到现有的assemble任务中去,自动执行jni库编译和集成。

$ ./gradlew app:assembleDebug
> Task :nativelib:xmakeConfigureForArm64
> Task :nativelib:xmakeBuildForArm64
>> xmake build
[ 50%]: ccache compiling.debug nativelib.cc
[ 75%]: linking.debug libnativelib.so
[100%]: build ok!
>> install artifacts to /Users/ruki/projects/personal/xmake-gradle/nativelib/libs/arm64-v8a
> Task :nativelib:xmakeConfigureForArmv7
> Task :nativelib:xmakeBuildForArmv7
>> xmake build
[ 50%]: ccache compiling.debug nativelib.cc
[ 75%]: linking.debug libnativelib.so
[100%]: build ok!
>> install artifacts to /Users/ruki/projects/personal/xmake-gradle/nativelib/libs/armeabi-v7a
> Task :nativelib:preBuild
> Task :nativelib:assemble
> Task :app:assembleDebug

CI 集成

GitHub Action

我们可以使用 github-action-setup-xmake 在 Github Action 上实现跨平台安装集成 Xmake。

uses: xmake-io/github-action-setup-xmake@v1
with:
  xmake-version: latest

谁在使用 Xmake?

请点击 用户列表 查看完整用户使用列表。

如果您在使用 xmake,也欢迎通过 PR 将信息提交至上面的列表,让更多的用户了解有多少用户在使用 xmake,也能让用户更加安心使用 xmake。

我们也会有更多的动力去持续投入,让 xmake 项目和社区更加繁荣。

联系方式

感谢

感谢所有对xmake有所贡献的人:

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轻量级跨平台C/C++构建工具,采用lua语法接口API描述项目,提供依赖检测、编译、打包、安装、运行、调试一条龙服务 展开 收起
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